锂离子电池储能预制舱通风排烟仿真研究  

Simulation study on ventilation and smoke exhaust of energy storage prefabricated cabin with Li-ion batteries

作　　者：吴周颖 喻航[1] 张英[1] WU Zhouying;YU Hang;ZHANG Ying(School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第11期37-43,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52374225)。

摘　　要：为预防储能预制舱内电池热失控产气引发的安全问题,采用CFD数值模拟方法,建立原尺寸储能预制舱热失控气体扩散模型,分析多种通风方案下气体的扩散规律及舱室排烟效果。研究结果表明:无风状态下,可燃气体将在73.5 s扩散至舱室顶部中央;通风状态下,气体监测预警响应时间比无风状态下提前;室内通风将改变热失控气体的扩散规律和堆积情况,顶部送风时,气体主要在送风口对侧堆积,底部送风时,气体主要在送风口附近堆积;需结合通风方案选择排烟位置以提高排烟效率,无通风时应选择顶部排烟;提出1种基于仿真技术的预制舱通风排烟设计策略。研究结果可为储能系统通风排烟方案的设计与优化提供参考。In order to prevent the safety problems caused by gas generation from thermal runaway of batteries in the energy storage prefabricated cabins,a full-scale gas diffusion model of thermal runaway in energy storage prefabricated cabin was established by using the CFD numerical simulation method.The diffusion law of gases and the smoke exhaust effect of cabin under various ventilation schemes were analyzed.The results show that under the windless conditions,the combustible gases will diffuse to the top center of cabin at 73.5 seconds.Under the ventilation conditions,the response time of gas monitoring and warning is earlier than under windless conditions.The indoor ventilation will change the diffusion law and accumulation of thermal runaway gases.When supplying air at the top,the gases mainly accumulate on the opposite side of air supply outlet,while when supplying air at the bottom,the gases mainly accumulate near the air supply outlet.It is necessary to select the smoke exhaust positions in combination with ventilation schemes to improve the smoke exhaust efficiency,and when there is no ventilation,the top smoke exhaust should be selected.A design strategy of ventilation and smoke exhaust for prefabricated cabins based on the simulation technology is proposed.The research results can provide reference for the design and optimization of ventilation and smoke exhaust schemes of the energy storage systems.

关 键 词：储能预制舱 通风排烟 气体扩散 电池热失控 仿真 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]