铁路隧道紧急救援站设计参数对列车火灾人员疏散影响  

Study on influence of design parameters for emergency rescue station on personnel evacuation under train fire in railway tunnel

作　　者：孙江涛 鲁寨军[1,2,3] 周丹[1,2,3] SUN Jiangtao;LU Zhaijun;ZHOU Dan(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第11期110-117,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2022JJ30744)。

摘　　要：为了探究高速列车火灾紧急救援站内人员疏散过程中的行为特征。通过构建火灾烟气蔓延模型,确定紧急救援站内烟气蔓延规律,考虑烟气温度时空分布规律与人员疏散过程的动态交互建立人员疏散仿真模型,分析紧急救援站设计参数对人员疏散行为特征的影响规律。研究结果表明:列车火灾事故紧急救援站内火源下游区域烟气温度值及蔓延范围大于火源上游区域,下游区域人员疏散过程受到较大影响;紧急救援站内站台宽度对人员疏散效率的影响较小,横通道宽度变化改变疏散出口的通行能力,横通道间距变化改变人员疏散移动距离,从而横通道宽度与间距的变化对人员疏散过程的影响较大。研究结果可为紧急救援站疏散设施土建结构参数提供建议。In order to explore the characteristics of personnel behavior during the evacuation process of emergency rescue station in the high-speed train fire,the smoke spread process in the emergency rescue station was determined by constructing a fire smoke spread model.Considering the dynamic interaction between the temporal and spatial distribution of smoke temperature and the personnel evacuation process,an evacuation simulation model was established to analyze the influence of the design parameters of emergency rescue station on the characteristics of personnel evacuation behavior.The results show that the smoke temperature and spread range in the downstream area of fire source in the emergency rescue station of train fire accident are larger than those in the upstream area of fire source,and the personnel evacuation process in the downstream area is greatly affected.The width of platform in the emergency rescue station has little effect on the personnel evacuation efficiency.The change in the width of cross passage changes the traffic capacity of evacuation exit,and the change in the spacing of cross passage changes the evacuation movement distance,so the width and spacing of cross passage has great influence on the personnel evacuation.The research results can provide suggestions for the civil structure parameters of evacuation facilities in emergency rescue stations.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 列车火灾 紧急救援站 疏散设施参数 烟气蔓延规律 定点疏散 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]