氧气瓶瓶阀断裂失效分析  

Failure Analysis on Fracture of Oxygen Cylinder Valve

作　　者：黄林 邱康勇 闫贞 贺艳 HUANG Lin;QIU Kang-yong;YAN Zhen;HE Yan(Shenzhen Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Test,Shenzhen 528028,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市特种设备安全检验研究院,广东深圳518028

出　　处：《阀门》2024年第11期1377-1382,共6页Chinese Journal of Valve

摘　　要：某公司一氧气瓶瓶阀在使用一年多后,在无外力作用下突然发生断裂,采用化学成分分析、显微组织分析、硬度试验、断口分析等方法对气瓶瓶阀进行了理化检测。结果表明:瓶阀阀体材质为HPb59-1,符合瓶阀的选材要求。瓶阀结构设计存在一定的不合理性,制造过程中温度控制不当,温度过高且退火不完全造成晶粒粗大,晶粒粗大导致力学性能下降。瓶阀断裂失效原因是在阀体内部较高压力作用下,裂纹在应力集中处产生,由内向外扩展。由于热处理工艺不当导致材料力学性能下降,造成在短期使用过程中形成开裂失效。After more than one year of use,the oxygen cylinder valve of a company suddenly broke un-der the action of no external force.The chemical composition analysis,microstructure analysis,hardness test,fracture analysis and other methods were used to test the physical and chemical properties of the cylinder valve.The results show that the material of the bottle valve body is HPb59-1,which meets the material selection requirements of the bottle valve.There is a certain degree of irrationality in the struc-tural design of the bottle valve.In the manufacturing process,the temperature control is improper,the temperature is too high and the annealing is not complete,resulting in coarse grains,and the coarse grains lead to a decrease in mechanical properties.The reason for the fracture failure of the bottle valve is that under the high pressure inside the valve body,the crack is generated at the stress concentration and expands from the inside to the outside.Due to the improper heat treatment process,the mechanical properties of the material are reduced,resulting in cracking failure during short-term use.

关 键 词：瓶阀 断裂 热处理 组织粗大 失效分析 

分 类 号：TG115.2[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]