茶皂素和博落回对三种粮食作物病原菌的联合毒力  

Combined toxicity of Macleaya cordata alkaloids and tea saponin to three pathogens of food crops

作　　者：杜晓静[1] 梁浩[1] 钱玺丞 贾长青 郁建生[1] DU Xiao-jing;LIANG Hao;QIAN Xi-cheng;JIA Chang-qing;YU Jian-sheng(Tongren Polytechnic College/National Ethnic Affairs Commission,Key Open Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine,Tongren 554300,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁职业技术学院/国家民族事务委员会中兽药重点开放实验室,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第11期63-67,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省千层次创新型人才培养项目(2020-[2018]-025号);贵州省高等学校中药现代提取分离纯化关键技术开发与应用创新团队项目(黔教技[2023]097号);国家民委中兽药重点开放实验室招标课题([2021]006号);铜陵市科技计划项目(铜市科研[2024]36号)。

摘　　要：为了明确博落回(Macleaya cordata)生物碱与茶皂素复配对小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium graminearum)、稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)和玉米大斑病菌[Exserohilum turcicum(Pass)Leonard et Suggs]3种粮食作物病原菌的联合毒力,采用生长速率法测定了博落回生物碱、茶皂素及其不同配比混剂对3种粮食作物病原菌的半数有效浓度(EC_(50))、毒性比率以及最佳配比的联合毒力。结果表明,博落回生物碱对小麦赤霉病菌、稻瘟病菌和玉米大斑病菌的EC_(50)分别为60.626、24.933、83.152μg/mL;茶皂素对小麦赤霉病菌、稻瘟病菌和玉米大斑病菌的EC_(50)分别为194.978、565.427、440.656μg/mL。最佳配比的联合毒力筛选表明,博落回生物碱与茶皂素质量比为1∶3.2的混剂对小麦赤霉病病菌表现为增效作用,增效系数为2.517;质量比为1∶9.7和1∶15.1的混剂对稻瘟病病菌表现为增效作用,增效系数分别为2.650和1.656;质量比为1∶3.5和1∶5.3的混剂对玉米大斑病病菌表现为增效作用,增效系数分别为2.522和2.440。表明博落回生物碱与茶皂素复配对小麦赤霉病菌、稻瘟病菌和玉米大斑病菌具有明显的协同增效作用。In order to clarify the combined toxicity of Macleaya cordata alkaloids and tea saponins against three food crop pathogens,namely Fusarium graminearum,Magnaporthe grisea,and Exserohilum turcicum(Pass)Leonard et Suggs,the semi-effective concentration(EC_(50)),toxicity ratio,and optimal combination toxicity of macleaya alkaloids,tea saponins,and their different mixtures against the three food crop pathogens were determined by the growth rate method.The results showed that the EC_(50)of macleaya alkaloids against Fusarium graminearum,Magnaporthe grisea and Exserohilum turcicum Pass,were 60.626,24.933 μg/mL and 83.152μg/mL,respectively;the EC_(50)of tea saponins against Fusarium graminearum,Magnaporthe grisea,and Exserohilum turcicum Pass were 194.978,565.427 μg/mL and 440.656 μg/mL,respectively;the combined toxicity screening of the best ratio represented that the mixture of macleaya alkaloid and tea saponin with a mass ratio of 1∶3.2 showed a synergistic effect on Fusarium graminearum,and the synergistic coefficient was 2.517.The mixture of macleaya alkaloid and tea saponin with a mass ratio of 1∶9.7 and 1∶15.1 showed a synergistic effect on the pathogen of Magnaporthe grisea,with a synergistic coefficient of 2.650 and 1.656,respectively.The mixture of macleaya alkaloid and tea saponin with a mass ratio of 1∶3.5 and 1∶5.3 showed a synergistic effect on the pathogen of Exserohilum turcicum Pass,with a synergistic coefficient of 2.522 and 2.440,respectively.It was shown that the combination of macleaya alkaloid and tea saponin had an obvious synergistic effect on Fusarium graminearum,Magnaporthe grisea,and Exserohilum turcicum Pass.

关 键 词：博落回(Macleaya cordata) 生物碱 茶皂素 粮食作物 病原菌 联合毒力 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]