四川凉山烟区不同烤烟品种的适应性研究  

Study on the adaptability of different flue-cured tobacco varieties in the Liangshan tobacco region of Sichuan Province

作　　者：赵源 李秋剑[3] 张力 王卫民[3] 郭进 芦伟龙 许嘉阳 贾玮 韩丹[1] 史久长 许自成[1] ZHAO Yuan;LI Qiu-jian;ZHANG Li;WANG Wei-min;GUO Jin;LU Wei-long;XU Jia-yang;JIA Wei;HAN Dan;SHI Jiu-chang;XU Zi-cheng(Tobacco College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 461101,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 461101,China;China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 315504,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州461101 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州461101 [3]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,杭州315504

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第11期100-107,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2023330000340092,2022330000341023)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜于四川凉山烟区种植的烤烟新品种,以云烟87为对照,通过鲜烟叶农艺性状和烤后烟叶质量及经济性状等指标,对云烟121、云烟116、云烟119、云烟301的生态适应性进行研究,同时运用透射电镜和代谢组学的方法了解不同品种成熟期的细胞结构与物质代谢规律。结果表明,5个品种田间农艺性状以云烟87和云烟116长势较好。5个品种中部叶外观质量差异不显著,但云烟87和云烟121油分略多,云烟121在厚度、含梗率、抗张力上优势明显,且化学成分较为协调,感官质量评分高。云烟87和云烟121细胞叶绿体基粒片层数目较多,类囊体垛叠程度较高,且嗜锇颗粒数目较多。相较于云烟87,云烟121品种中烟碱、硫胺素含量下降;蜜二糖、D-半乳糖、茉莉酸、香紫苏醇、酪氨酸、生育酚含量提高,促进根系生长,提高抗逆性,更能适应当地的生长环境,并有利于降低烤烟烟碱,提高糖含量,提升烟叶的香气量和抽吸的口感。综合性状以云烟121和云烟87最好,其次是云烟116,尤其是云烟121品种抗病抗逆性强,适应当地的生长环境,在四川凉山烟区具有较高的推广价值。Aiming to screen out new varieties of flue-cured tobacco suitable for planting in Liangshan tobacco area of Sichuan Province,taking Yunyan 87 as the control,the ecological adaptability of Yunyan 121,Yunyan 116,Yunyan 119 and Yunyan 301 was studied by means of agronomic characters,quality and economic characters of fresh tobacco leaves.Meanwhile,the cell structure and metabolism of different varieties at maturity were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy and metabolomics.The results showed that,the agronomic traits of Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 116 in the five varieties in the field.There was no significant difference in the appearance quality of the middle leaves of the five cultivars,but Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 121 had slightly more oil,and Yunyan121 had obvious advantages in thickness,stem content and tension resistance,and was more harmonious in the chemical composition,and the sensory quality score was high.The number of chloroplast scleric granna in Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 121 cells was higher,the degree of thylakoid stacking was higher,and the number of osmiophilic granules was higher.Compared with Yunyan 87,the contents of nicotine and thiamine in Yunyan 121 cultivar decreased,and the contents of melibiose,D-galactose,jasmonic acid,perilla alcohol,tyrosine and tocopherol increased to promote root growth,improve stress resistance,and better adapt to the local growth environment,and were conducive to reducing nicotine in flue-cured tobacco,increasing sugar content,and improving the aroma and smoking taste of tobacco leaves.It was concluded that,Yunyan 121 and Yunyan 87 had the best comprehensive traits,followed by Yunyan 116,especially Yunyan 121 had strong disease resistance and stress resistance,adapted to the local growth environment,and had high promotion value in Liangshan tobacco region of Sichuan Province.

关 键 词：烤烟品种 超微结构 非靶向代谢组学 烤烟品质 四川凉山 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]