现代金融司法的金融风险协同治理角色  

The Role of Modern Financial Judiciary in the Collaborative Governance of Financial Risk

作　　者：李游 陈珺雅 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法学院

出　　处：《清华法律评论》2023年第2期141-180,共40页Tsinghua Law Review

基　　金：司法部《金融创新风险防控中的金融法院协同治理及其规范侧重研究》(项目编号:21SFB2021);北京市社科基金项目《“十四五”时期北京金融产品创新发展与北京金融法院协同治理研究》(项目编号:21JCC071)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在金融风险治理体系中,金融司法的功能角色经历了从“与金融监管分立治理”到“与金融监管协同治理”的转变。从金融法发展历程来看,我国存有“重行政、轻司法”特征,法院早期常受束缚于金融审判人员、规则等资源的供给不足,倾向让位于金融监管,但这种司法立场容易造成金融消费者民事权益保护的缺失,不利于金融市场的稳定发展。现代金融司法应不再仅局限于“裁判者”的内部功能角色,同时也具有在金融发展和金融风险防控中指引、预防、预警、治理的外部功能角色。这使现代金融司法不仅要追求围绕事实和证据裁判案件本身“定分止争”的法律效果,而且需要担当金融风险协同治理角色,关注相应裁判对金融市场、社会民生、政治大局的社会效果。在现代金融风险治理中,可通过金融司法机构的专门化、司法文件的规范化、司法判例的机制化,发挥金融司法与金融监管的协调治理功能。这也进一步要求金融司法应当尊重金融监管规则,强化金融机构义务规范群,推进金融消费者公益诉讼机制。In the system for the governance of financial risk,the functional role of financial judiciary has undergone a change from“separate governance with financial regulation”to“collaborative governance with financial regulation”.Judging from the course of development for the Financial Law,China has a feature of“attaching great importance to administration,but less importance to judiciary”.At the early stage,the court was often bound by the insufficient provision of resources,such as the“Financial Judges”and“rules”,hence there was a tendency that it gave way to financial regulation.However,such a judicial position is easy to cause the lack of protection of the civil rights and interests of the financial consumers,which does not benefit the stable development of financial market.The modern financial judiciary should no longer limit itself to merely the internal functional role as the“Judge”,instead,it should also serve the external functional roles of guiding,preventing,warning and governing either in financial development or in financial risk prevention and control.This makes the modern financial judiciary not only pursue its legal effect of“dispute settlement”—to rule on a case with a focus on facts and evidences,but also need to take on the role of collaborative governance of financial risk,focusing on the social effects of a corresponding judgment on financial market,society and peoples livelihood and overall political situation.In the modern financial risk governance,by the specialization of financial judicial institution,the standardization of judicial documents and the institutionalization of judicial precedents,the financial judiciary can bring the collaborative governance function between the financial judiciary and the financial regulation into play.This also further requires that the financial judiciary should respect the financial regulatory rules,enhance the group of obligations and specification on the part of the financial institution and promote the public interest litigation

关 键 词：金融风险 金融监管 金融司法 协同治理 金融消费者 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]