南充地区2022~2023年儿童呼吸道感染病原体分布情况分析  

Analysis of pathogen distribution of respiratory tract infection in children from 2022 to 2023 in Nanchong area

作　　者：李小琴 邓道明 LI Xiao-qin;DENG Dao-ming(Gaoping District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;Jialing District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]南充市高坪区妇幼保健院,四川南充637000 [2]南充市嘉陵区妇幼保健院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《川北医学院学报》2024年第11期1567-1571,共5页Journal of North Sichuan Medical College

摘　　要：目的:探讨南充地区2022~2023年儿童呼吸道感染的病原体分布特点。方法:回顾性分析因呼吸道感染进行了13种呼吸道病原体核酸检测的患儿的临床资料。分析不同性别、不同年龄段和不同季节13项呼吸道病原体阳性检出情况。结果:6973例患儿中,总阳性率为66.59%(4643/6973)。HRV的阳性率最高,达19.53%(1362/6973),其次为HRSV 14.51%(1012/6973)和HPIV 8.74%(610/6973),阳性率最低为CH 0.44%(31/6973)。病原体混合感染率为15.27%(1065/6973)。男性患儿检出率为67.56%(2622/3881),女性患儿检出率为65.36%(2021/3092),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。婴儿组(<1岁)患儿的呼吸道病原体阳性率为56.57%(1219/2155)、幼儿组(1~2岁)72.08%(1273/1766)、学龄前儿童组(3~5岁)72.14%(1543/2139)和学龄前儿童组66.59%(608/913),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多种病原体的阳性检出率在新型冠状病毒乙类乙管后都呈现明显的差异(P<0.05),InfA、09H1、HPIV、HMPV、HRSV、BOCA、HCOV的阳性率在乙类乙管后呈现增高的趋势(P<0.05)。结论:HRV、HRSV和HPIV是南充市儿童呼吸道感染的最常见病原体。多种病原体在不同年龄阶段和年份间存在一定差异,其流行特征和变异规律的持续监测具有重要的临床意义。Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children in Nanchong area from 2022 to 2023.Methods:The clinical data of children with respiratory tract infection who underwent nucleic acid detection of 13 respiratory pathogens were retrospectively analyzed.The positive detection rates of 13 respiratory pathogens in different genders,different age groups and different seasons were analyzed.Results:Among the 6,973 children,the total positive rate was 66.59%(4,643/6,973).HRV had the highest positive rate of 19.53%(1,362/6,973),followed by HRSV 14.51%(1,012/6,973)and HPIV 8.74%(610/6,973),and the lowest positive rate was CH 0.44%(31/6,973).The mixed infection rate of pathogens was 15.27%(1,065/6,973).The detection rate of male children was 67.56%(2,622/3,881),and the detection rate of female children was 65.36%(2,021/3,092).The difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The positive rate of respiratory pathogens was 56.57%(1,219/2,155)in the InfAnt group(<1 year old),72.08%(1,273/1,766)in the toddler group(1~2 years old),72.14%(1,543/2,139)in the preschool children group(3~5 years old)and 66.59%(608/913)in the preschool children group,there were statistically significant differences between the groups(P<0.05).The positive detection rates of multiple pathogens showed significant differences after the new coronavirus B tube(P<0.05).The positive rates of InfA,09H1,HPIV,HMPV,HRSV,BOCA and HCOV showed an increasing trend after the B tube,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:HRV,HRSV and HPIV are the most common pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children in Nanchong.There are some differences in various pathogens among different age groups and years,and the continuous monitoring of their epidemic characteristics and variation rules has iMPortant clinical significance.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 病原体 儿童 流行学特征 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]