聚合之道:明清时期云南民族融入中华民族共同体的进程及路径  

The Way of Cohesion:the Process and Path of Ethnic Integration of Yunnan Ethnic Groups into the Chinese Nation Community in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：尹建东 汤成玉 YIN Jiandong;TANG Chengyu(School of Ethnology and History/Ethnic Research Institute of Yunnan Province,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming,Yunnan,China,650031)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学云南省民族研究所/民族学与历史学学院,云南昆明650031

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期112-120,共9页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“‘大历史观’视野下中国西南边疆民族史的研究路径与方法”(23XMZ069);云南民族大学揭榜挂帅项目“中华民族共同体视域下西南边疆民族史研究路径与理论方法”(KYXM2404)。

摘　　要：中华民族共同体是在长期的历史发展过程中,各民族在政治、经济、文化等多种因素影响下形成的有机统一体,是基于不同地域、不同民族间持续的交往交流交融中凝聚生成的,在结构上具有“多元一体”的特点。“多元”是指包括汉民族在内的各民族文化起源的多元性和多样性;“一体”是指各民族在共同缔造中华文明的过程中,形成统一且不可分割的整体。云南各民族群体之间不间断的交流和互动,使得“内地”与“边疆”的文化边界逐渐模糊,呈现出此消彼长、相互交融的动态历史发展过程,影响了其进入中华文明体系的“非线性”发展进程,形塑了边疆民族融入中华民族共同体的路径及中华文化的认同方式。明清以来,伴随中央王朝对云南边疆开发治理的进一步加强,多民族共居的西南“边陲社会”在整体上已融入王朝国家的政治经济文化体系中。文章以明清历史时段为切入点,对云南民族融入中华民族共同体的进程及路径做进一步探讨,将有助于我们从“边疆视角”来思考中华民族共同体建构这一重大命题,观察边缘地区如何建立并强化与中心地区的联系,特别是通过对边疆社会历史变动过程中复杂性和多样性的检视,理解中华民族共同体建构的动力机制及其表现出来的多元文化关系。The Chinese nation community is an organic unity formed by various ethnic groups over a long period of historical development,influenced by multiple factors such as politics,economy,and culture.It is a cohesive entity based on continuous interactions and integrations among different regions and ethnic groups,structurally characterized by“unity in diversity”.“Diversity”refers to the multiplicity and diversity of cultural origins of various ethnic groups,including the Han nationality.“Unity”refers to the unified and indivisible whole formed by various ethnic groups in the process of jointly creating Chinese civilization.The continuous exchanges and interactions among ethnic groups in Yunnan have blurred the cultural boundaries between the“inland”and the“frontier land”,demonstrating a dynamic historical development of mutual influence and integration,affecting the“non-linear”process of their integration into the Chinese civilization system and shaping the path of frontier ethnic groups’integration into the Chinese national community and their ways of identifying with Chinese culture.Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the further strengthening of the central government’s development and governance of Yunnan border areas,the multi-ethnic Southwest“frontier society”has generally integrated into the political,economic,and cultural system of the imperial state.This paper starts with the historical periods of the Ming and Qing Dynasties to further explore the process and path of ethnic integration of Yunnan ethnic groups into the Chinese nation community,contributing to a“border perspective”on the significant issue of constructing the Chinese nation community,observing how border regions establish and strengthen connections with central regions.Especially by examining the complexity and diversity of historical changes in frontier societies,it aims to understand the driving mechanisms of Chinese nation community construction and the diverse cultural relationships it manifests.

关 键 词：中华民族共同体 民族融入 历史进程 云南地区 

分 类 号：C956[社会学—民族学]