304不锈钢激光-电弧复合焊流场数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Laser⁃arc Hybrid Welding Flow Field in 304 Stainless Steel

作　　者：温鹏军 杨明晓 张骁勇[1] 路永新 周雨微 WEN Pengjun;YANG Mingxiao;ZHANG Xiaoyong;LU Yongxin;ZHOU Yuwei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China;Lanzhou Lanshi Testing Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730314,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710065 [2]兰州兰石检测技术有限公司,兰州730314

出　　处：《焊管》2024年第11期46-52,共7页Welded Pipe and Tube

摘　　要：为研究304不锈钢在激光-电弧复合焊接过程中熔池内部的变化情况,采用有限元分析软件对304不锈钢进行激光-电弧复合焊流场数值模拟,分析不同焊接参数对焊缝形貌及微观结构的影响机制。结果表明,随着激光功率和焊接电流的增大,焊接热输入总量逐渐增大,焊缝熔池深度增大;激光扫描频率越大,焊接过程中热输入越快,焊缝熔池深度也越大;激光扫描振幅则影响了焊缝熔池的宽度,激光扫描振幅越大,熔池的宽度越大。激光功率、焊接电流、激光扫描振幅、激光频率不仅影响了熔池的宽度和深度,也影响了不锈钢表面熔液的流速和熔池内部温度场和流速场的均匀性,从而影响了焊缝成形和微观结构。此外,在光束搅拌效应下,熔滴以涡流的形式存在于熔池内部,而涡流的方向取决于激光移动的方向,激光向左扫描时形成逆时针涡流,向右扫描时形成顺时针涡流。同时动态匙孔减少了熔池热量积累和熔池的孔隙率。In order to study the changes in the molten pool of 304 stainless steel during laser⁃arc composite welding,the finite element software ANSYS Fluent is used to simulate the laser⁃arc composite welding flow field of 304 stainless steel to analyze the influence mechanism of different welding parameters on the weld morphology and microstructure.The results show that with the increase of laser power and welding current,the total welding heat input increases gradually,and the depth of weld pool increases.The higher the laser scanning frequency,the faster the heat input and the deeper the weld pool.The laser scanning amplitude affects the width of weld pool.The larger the laser scanning amplitude is,the larger the width of weld pool is.The laser power,welding current,laser scanning amplitude and laser frequency not only affect the width and depth of the molten pool,but also affect the flow rate of the molten liquid on the surface of the stainless steel and the uniformity of the temperature field and flow field inside the molten pool,thus affecting the weld formation and microstructure.In addition,under the beam stirring effect,the droplets exist in the molten pool in the form of eddy currents,and the direction of eddy currents depends on the direction of the laser movement,which forms counterclockwise eddy currents when the laser scans to the left and clockwise eddy currents when the laser scans to the right.At the same time,dynamic keyhole reduces heat accumulation and porosity of molten pool.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 激光-电弧复合焊 数值模拟 熔池形貌 

分 类 号：TG402[金属学及工艺—焊接]