单叶蔷薇的开花特性和繁育系统  

Flowering Characteristics and Breeding System of Rosa persica

作　　者：肖丽 张晓龙[1,2,4,5,6,7] 李娜 张晨洁 卢昕妤[1,2,4,5,6,7] 于超 张启翔 罗乐[1,2,3,4,5,6,7] XIAO Li;ZHANG Xiao-long;LI Na;ZHANG Chen-jie;LU Xin-yu;YU Chao;ZHANG Qi-xiang;LUO Le(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding,Beijing 100083,China;National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100083,China;Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]花卉种质创新与分子育种重点实验室,北京100083 [3]国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [4]城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100083 [5]教育部园林环境工程研究中心,北京100083 [6]林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [7]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《草地学报》2024年第11期3490-3498,共9页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071820);国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFD1200105)资助。

摘　　要：为了解单叶蔷薇(Rosa persica)的开花特性与繁育类型,通过对野生种群进行实地观察,观测花部特征、花粉活力、柱头可授性等开花动态特征,运用杂交指数(Outcrossing index,OCI)、花粉胚珠比(Pollen-ovule ratio,P/O)等指标综合分析其繁育系统特点。本研究结果表明,单叶蔷薇种群花期为5月上旬至5月下旬,单花、单株和群体水平的开放持续时间分别为1~1.5 d,10~20 d,23 d;单花开花进程可分为6个时期(花蕾期、显色期、初开期、盛开期、衰败期、凋谢期);雌雄异位且成熟期高度重叠,柱头在显色期开始具有可授性,花粉活力最高达86.91%;P/O为13087.22,OCI为4,访花者涉及6目18科,其中主要传粉昆虫为意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica);繁育系统为混合交配系统,异交需要传粉媒介。该结果可为深入研究单叶蔷薇的生殖策略和资源保护提供理论依据。In order to understand the flowering characteristics and breeding type of Rosa persica,field observations and studies were conducted on wild population in Xinjiang.The dynamic characteristics of flowering,such as floral characteristics,pollen viability and stigma receptivity were observed.The breeding system was comprehensively analyzed by indicators like outcrossing index(OCI),pollen-ovule ratio(P/O).The results revealed that the flowering period of R.persica population was from early to late May.The duration of individual flower,individual plant and population were approximately 1-1.5 d,10-20 d,and 23 d,respectively.The flowering process could be divided into six periods,bud stage,chromogenic stage,early blooming stage,full blooming stage,declining stage,and withering stage.R.persica is dioecious,with female and male maturation periods highly overlapping.Stigma started to be fertile during the chromogenic stage and pollen viability was up to 86.91%.The pollen-ovule ratio(P/O)was 13087.22,and the outcrossing index(OCI)was 4.Pollinators included 6 orders and 18 families,with Apis mellifera ligustica being the dominant pollinator.The breeding system is a mixed mating system,with outcrossing requiring pollinators.These results would provide a theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of reproductive strategies and conservation of R.persica.

关 键 词：单叶蔷薇 开花特性 繁育系统 传粉昆虫 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]