西南高山亚高山区植被活动增强对区域蒸散的影响  

Impacts of Enhanced Vegetation Activity on Regional Evapotranspiration in the Alpine and Subalpine Area of Southwestern China Impacts of Enhanced Vegetation Activity on Regional Evapotranspiration in the Alpine and Subalpine Area of Southwestern China

作　　者：李翠侠 孙鹏森[1] 余振 孙美荣 张雷[3] 刘世荣[1] Li Cuixia;Sun Pengsen;Yu Zhen;Sun Meirong;Zhang Lei;Liu Shirong(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091;School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology ,Nanjing 210044;Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室、中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,南京210044 [3]国家林业和草原局森林培育重点实验室、中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《林业科学》2024年第11期1-12,共12页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32371686);中国林业科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CAFYBB2021QA001);科技部重点研发课题(2023YFF1303604-3)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究全球气候变化背景下西南高山亚高山区植被活动增强对蒸散的影响,揭示该地区植被水资源需求动态,为优化区域水资源分配、保障水资源安全提供理论依据。【方法】基于2001—2020年MOD16数据蒸散指标(实际蒸散、潜在蒸散以及实际蒸散与潜在蒸散之比),利用线性拟合、SEN趋势分析、偏相关分析、多元逐步回归分析等方法,阐明温度、降水、相对湿度、气压、日照时数、风速等气象因子和归一化植被指数等植被因子对西南高山亚高山区蒸散指标的影响及其贡献率。【结果】1)西南高山亚高山区实际蒸散出现年内峰值的时间略滞后于潜在蒸散,二者呈空间分布差异性。研究区域年实际蒸散在246.0~1191.3 mm之间,峰值出现在7月下旬,其中雅鲁藏布江上游亚高山段、藏南亚高山区实际蒸散较高,怒江北部实际蒸散较低;年潜在蒸散在538.0~2314.9 mm之间,峰值出现在5月下旬至8月中旬,其中雅砻江上游和金沙江上游亚高山段南部地区潜在蒸散较高。2)西南高山亚高山区实际蒸散多年平均值为627.8 mm,整体呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05),增速约2.93 mm·a^(-1),显著增加区域主要分布在嘉陵江上游、岷江上游、大渡河、雅砻江上游、金沙江上游亚高山段、澜沧江上游和怒江部分地区;潜在蒸散多年平均值为1500.6 mm,整体呈不显著降低趋势,速度约2.57 mm·a^(-1),降低区域主要分布在雅砻江上游、金沙江上游亚高山段和藏南亚高山区。实际蒸散与潜在蒸散之比多年平均值为0.43,呈显著上升趋势(P<0.05)。3)西南高山亚高山区实际蒸散的主要影响因素及作用大小排序为:气温>降水>归一化植被指数>相对湿度>气压>日照时数>风速,潜在蒸散的主要影响因素及作用大小排序为:气温>日照时数>降水>相对湿度>风速,实际蒸散与潜在蒸散之比的主要影响因素及作用大小排序为:气温>相对湿度>�【Objective】It is of great significance to clarify the influence of enhanced vegetation activity on evapotranspiration in the southwest alpine and subalpine mountains in order to optimize regional water resources allocation and ensure water resources security.【Method】Based on the MOD16 evapotranspiration indicators from 2001 to 2020,including actual evapotranspiration(ET),potential evapotranspiration(PET)and the ratio of actual to potential evapotranspiration(ET/PET),the influence and contribution of meteorological factors such as temperature(T),precipitation(P),relative humidity(RH),pressure(PRS),insolation(I),wind speed(WS)and vegetation factor NDVI on evapotranspiration indicators in the alpine and subalpine area of southwestern China were expounded by linear fitting,SEN trend analysis,partial correlation analysis,stepwise regression analysis and other methods.【Result】1)The peak of ET within one year lagged behind PET,and they showed spatial inconsistency.The annual ET ranged from 246.0 to 1191.3 mm,with the peak occurring late July.The ET was higher in the subalpine section of upper Yarlung Zangbo River and the subalpine area of southern Xizang,and lower in the northern parts of the Nujiang River.Annual PET ranged from 538.0 to 2314.9 mm,with higher values continuing from late May to mid-August.The PET in the southern parts of upper Yalong River and subalpine section of upper Jinsha River was higher.2)The regional average ET was 627.8 mm,showing a significant increasing trend(P<0.05)at a rate of 2.93 mm·a^(-1),and the significantly increased areas were mainly distributed in the upper Jialing River,the upper Min River,the Dadu River,the upper Yalong River,the subalpine section of upper Jinsha River,the upper Lancang River,and part of the Nujiang River.The regional average PET was 1500.6 mm,showing an insignificant decreasing trend at a rate of 2.57 mm·a^(-1),and the decreased areas were mainly distributed in the subalpine section of upper Jinsha River,the upper Yalong River,and the subalpine area

关 键 词：实际蒸散 潜在蒸散 植被活动 日照时数 实际蒸散与潜在蒸散之比 

分 类 号：S715.4[农业科学—林学]