农村集体经济组织与集体土地所有权关系的现代化重构  

Modernization Reconstruction of the Relationship between Rural Collective Economic Organizations and Collective Land Ownership

作　　者：程雪阳[1] CHENG Xueyang(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Suzhou University,Suzhou 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《现代法学》2024年第6期57-71,共15页Modern Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“加强耕地保护领域立法研究”(23AZD042)。

摘　　要：自1999年《中华人民共和国宪法修正案》通过以来,农村集体经济组织在我国的法秩序中从“类型化法律术语”转变为“专用型法律概念”,但这一概念所指代的现实对应物一直模糊不清。《农村集体经济组织法》致力于为农村集体经济组织的重建和发展提供新的法律框架和制度保障,这一目标的实现,需要重构农村集体经济组织与集体土地所有权的法律关系。为此,应当按照党的二十届三中全会提出的“发展新型农村集体经济,构建产权明晰、分配合理的运行机制,赋予农民更加充分的财产权益”改革目标,着力打破“行政区划型集体土地所有权”的理论藩篱和制度迷思,然后按照“经营性—非经营性”标准合理解释《农村集体经济组织法》的相关规定,从而最终建立农村集体经济组织和农村基层群众自治组织分别享有并行使部分集体土地所有权的法律制度。Since the amendment of the Constitution in 1999,“rural collective economic organizations”have gradually changed from“typed legal terms”to“special legal concepts”in China’s legal system,but the actual counterpart of this concept has been vague.The Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations is committed to providing a new legal framework and institutional guarantee for the reconstruction and development of rural collective economic organizations,but this legal goal can only be effectively realized by reconstructing the legal relationship between rural collective economic organizations and collective land ownership.First of all,we should follow the reform goal of“developing a new rural collective economy,building the clear property right and the reasonable distribution mechanism,and granting farmers more adequate property rights and intersts”proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,and strive to break the theoretical barriers and institutional myths of“collective land ownership based on administrative division type”.Then,the relevant provisions of the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations,should be reasonably interpreted according to the“operational or non-operational”standard,so as to finally establish the rural collective economic organization and the rural grassroots self-governing organization,respectively enjoying and exercising part of the collective land ownership Constitution interpretation.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 集体土地所有权 中国式现代化 政经分离 宪法解释 

分 类 号：DF413[政治法律—经济法学]