海外流失文物回归的路径与机制  

The Path and Mechanism of the Retrieve of Cultural Relics Lost Overseas

作　　者：王小军[1] WANG Xiaojun

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学

出　　处：《创意设计源》2024年第5期1-9,共9页

摘　　要：十九世纪中叶以降,我国大量珍贵文物经由战争劫掠、文化科学考察、盗窃走私等途径流失海外。新中国成立以后,我国积极追索海外流失文物,取得了一定的成效,积累了宝贵经验,逐步形成了包括国际民事诉讼、国际公约、外交谈判、回购捐赠等多样化的流失文物回归途径。海外流失文物的追索涉及政治、法律、文化等多方面的因素,要求国家层面出台统一的战略和规划,完善回归机制。我国应重视外交政治手段在促进流失文物回归中的重要作用,积极推动流失文物追索返还领域国际法律规则的制定与创新,拓展双边合作机制,完善流失文物数据库,明确文物追索机构,促进我国海外流失文物的回归。Since the middle of the 19th century,a large number of precious cultural relics in China have been lost overseas through war looting,cultural and scientific investigation,theft and smuggling.After the founding of New China,China actively pursued the lost cultural relics overseas,made some progress,accumulated valuable experience,and gradually formed a variety of ways to return the lost cultural relics,such as international civil litigation,international conventions,diplomatic negotiations,and buyback donations.Promoting the return of lost cultural relics is a systematic project,which needs to formulate a unified strategy and perfect the return mechanism.China should attach importance to the important role of diplomatic and political means in promoting the return of lost cultural relics,actively promote the formulation and innovation of international legal rules in the field of the recovery of lost cultural relics,establish bilateral cooperation mechanisms,improve the database of lost cultural relics,clarify the recovery institutions of cultural relics,and promote the return of our lost cultural relics overseas.

关 键 词：海外流失文物 追索 国际公约 协商谈判 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] D997[历史地理—历史学]