Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2在兼性厌氧条件下对不同稠油的降解降黏作用  

Degradation and Viscosity Reduction of Different Kind of Heavy Oils by Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2 Under Facultative Anaerobic Condition

作　　者：刘晓丽 尹瑜钧 王红波 杨世成 代学成 李洺畅 白雷 马挺[2] Liu Xiaoli;Yin Yujun;Wang Hongbo;Yang Shicheng;Dai Xuecheng;Li Mingchang;Bai Lei;Ma Ting(Experimental Detection Research Institute,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay 834000,China;College of Life Sciences,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆油田公司实验检测研究院,新疆克拉玛依834000 [2]南开大学生命科学学院,分子微生物与技术教育部重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期44-49,共6页Journal of Nankai University(Natural Sience)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42173079,U2003128);天山英才项目(2023TSYCJC0005);中石油集团专项(2023ZZ23-YJ06)。

摘　　要：对常规轻质原油的过度开采,使得稠油成为了一种重要的油藏潜在资源.但稠油较高的黏度导致其开采效率低下,因此利用专性嗜烃菌对稠油中长链烷烃、多环芳烃和连接大分子烃类物质的杂原子化合物进行降解,是目前降低稠油黏度的有效策略.本研究利用嗜热脱氮地芽孢杆菌NG80-2对两种不同黏度的稠油进行了兼性厌氧条件下的降解实验,通过分析稠油生物降解过程中石油烃及杂原子化合物变化情况,阐明NG80-2对饱和烃、芳香烃和杂原子化合物进行生物降解从而降低稠油黏度可能存在的机理.研究结果表明两种稠油中的正构烷烃与芳香烃的相对丰度均呈下降趋势,且菌株NG80-2对于长链烷烃具有更强的偏好性,而降解杂原子化合物时的偏好性则明显不同:辽河稠油中含硫杂原子化合物相对丰度明显下降,而鲁克沁稠油中O2类杂原子化合物相对丰度明显上升.本研究有助于揭示微生物的稠油降黏机理以及开发菌株NG80-2在稠油开采方面的潜力.Heavy oil has become an important potential reservoir resource due to the excessive exploitation of conventional light crude oil.However,the high viscosity of heavy oil leads to low recovery efficiency,so it is an effective strategy to degrade long chain alkanes,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds connected with macromolecular hydrocarbons in heavy oil by an obligate hydrocarbon degrading bacteria.In this study,the thermophilic Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2 was used to degrade two kinds of heavy oil with different viscosity under facultational anaerobic conditions.By analyzing the changes of petroleum hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds in the process of heavy oil biodegradation,the possible mechanism of NG80-2 biodegradation of saturated hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons and heteroatomic compounds to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil is elucidated.The results showed that the relative abundances of n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in the two heavy oils showed a decreasing trend,and NG80-2 had a stronger preference for long-chain alkanes,but a significantly different preference for heteroatomic compounds;the relative abundance of sulfur-containing heteroatomic compounds in Liaohe heavy oil decreased obviously,and the relative abundance of O2 heteroatomic compounds in Lukeqin heavy oil increased obviously.This study will help to reveal the mechanism of viscosity reduction of microorganisms and the potential of developing strain NG80-2 in heavy oil recovery.

关 键 词：嗜热脱氮地芽孢杆菌 稠油降黏 多环芳烃 杂原子化合物 

分 类 号：TE694[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]