先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后近期疗效调查及预后不良危险因素分析  

Investigation on the short-term efficacy and risk factors of poor prognosis in children with congenital auricle deformity after corrective treatment

作　　者：倪宝良 段钰瑾 黄丹琳 NI Bao-liang;DUAN Yu-jin;HUANG Dan-lin(Department of Otolaryngology,Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市妇幼保健院耳鼻咽喉科,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《实用医院临床杂志》2024年第6期162-166,共5页Practical Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：中国人口学会项目资助(编号:201911SK07)。

摘　　要：目的调查先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后近期疗效,并对其预后不良危险因素进行Logistic回归分析。方法选取2021年1月到2022年12月在深圳市妇幼保健院耳鼻咽喉科接受EARWELL耳廓矫形器矫正治疗的先天性耳廓畸形患儿226例,采用自编的一般资料问卷,对研究对象基本情况及近期疗效进行问卷调查,并依据治疗3周后的结果将其分为预后不良组(31例)与预后良好组(195例),采用多因素Logistic回归分析矫正治疗预后不良的危险因素。结果226例先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后,近期治疗有效率为85.84%(194/226)。治疗2个月后,预后不良发生率为13.72%(31/226)。预后良好组与预后不良组日龄、畸形类别、耳廓畸形Max分型、是否为母乳喂养状况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示:日龄>42d、杯状耳或招风耳、耳廓畸形MaxⅡ型、非母乳喂养是先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后近期出现预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后近期疗效良好,且存在上述危险因素的先天性耳廓畸形患儿矫正治疗后近期出现预后不良的风险较大。Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of corrective treatment for children with congenital auricle malformation,and to analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis by using logistic regression analysis.Methods A total of 226 children with congenital auricle malformation in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected.The sick children received EarWell auricle orthosis treatment at the department of otolaryngology.A self-designed general data questionnaire was used to investigate the basic situation and short-term efficacy of the sick children.According to the results after 3 weeks of treatment,the sick children were divided into a poor prognosis group(n=31)and a good prognosis group(n=195).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of poor prognosis after corrective treatment.Results The short-term effective rate was 85.84%(194/226)after auricle orthosis treatment.After 2 months of treatment,the incidence of poor prognosis was 13.72%(31/226).There were statistically significant differences in age,malformation type,Max type of auricle malformation and breast feeding status between the two groups(P<0.05).Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that age>42 days,cupped ears or protruding ears,auricle deformity Max type Ⅱ,and non-breastfeeding were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in the short term after corrective treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions Children with congenital auricular malformations have good short-term curative effect after corrective treatment.However,children have the above risk factors are at greater risk of poor prognosis in the near future after corrective treatment.

关 键 词：先天性耳廓畸形 矫正治疗 近期疗效 调查分析 预后不良 危险因素 

分 类 号：R764.7[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]