重思道义逻辑在法律人工智能中的角色  

Rethinking the Role of Deontic Logic in Legal Artificial Intelligence

作　　者：许天问 熊明辉 XU Tianwen;XIONG Minghui(Guanghua Law School,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期50-60,共11页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划青年课题“多标准决策方法在智慧司法中的运用研究”(24NDQN068YB)。

摘　　要：道义逻辑旨在形式化包含“义务”“许可”等道义模态词的规范推理,理论上应契合法律人工智能的需求。但在实际应用中,道义逻辑并非法律人工智能形式化规范推理的主要工具,其典型应用也有限。这主要因为道义逻辑的发展不足以满足自动法律推理的要求,且擅长的内涵式模态刻画与法律实践中的规范推理类型不匹配。就法律人工智能应用而言,道义逻辑应聚焦于内涵式法律规范推理场景。在该方向下,多智能体系统中的法律推理有望成为道义逻辑与法律人工智能相结合的突破点。Deontic logic aims to formalize normative reasoning involving deontic modalities such as“obligation”and“permission”,and theoretically it should align with the needs of legal artificial intelligence(AI).However,in practice deontic logic is not the primary tool for formalizing normative reasoning in legal AI,and its typical applications are limited.This is mainly because deontic logic has not developed sufficiently to meet the requirements of automated legal reasoning,and its strengths in intensioal characterization of deontic modalities do not match the types of normative reasoning found in legal practice.With regard to application in legal AI,deontic logic should focus on scenarios involving intensional legal normative reasoning.In such direction,legal reasoning in multi-agent systems may become a new breakthrough for integrating deontic logic with legal AI.

关 键 词：道义逻辑 法律人工智能 自动法律推理 多智能体系统中的法律推理 

分 类 号：D90-051[政治法律—法学理论]