不同规格穴盘砧木育苗对断根甜瓜嫁接苗生长·产量和品质的影响  

The Effect of Rootstock Cultivation with Different Specifications of Plugs on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Rootcutting Grafted Muskmelon

作　　者：田红梅[1] 杨积山 俞家永 陶珍[1] 杨积冠 张建[1] 王朋成 TIAN Hong-mei;YANG Ji-shan;YU Jia-yong(Institute of Horticulture,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031;Anhui Yongguan Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Huainan,Anhui 232000)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽永冠农业科技有限公司,安徽淮南232000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第22期51-53,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省揭榜挂帅项目(2022296906020002)。

摘　　要：[目的]筛选适宜断根嫁接育苗的砧木机械化播种的穴盘规格。[方法]采用不同规格穴盘进行砧木育苗,然后进行砧木断根嫁接甜瓜,测定不同处理砧木幼苗生长状况、嫁接甜瓜幼苗生长状况及嫁接甜瓜产量和品质指标。[结果]随砧木播种密度增加,砧木幼苗茎粗、根干重、地上部干重、总干重及壮苗指数均呈下降趋势;嫁接甜瓜幼苗茎粗、根干重、地上部干重及壮苗指数呈下降趋势,其中T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)和T_(4)处理高于自根苗;嫁接甜瓜根条数和根体积呈下降趋势,其中T_(2)和T_(3)处理无显著差异;甜瓜单果重、产量也呈下降趋势,各处理嫁接苗单果重和产量均高于自根苗,其中T_(1)、T_(2)和T_(3)处理分别比对照高19.1%、18.7%、18.5%;T_(1)、T_(2)和T_(3)处理中心及边部可溶性固形物含量均高于自根苗,田间无死苗。[结论]采用50孔、72孔、105孔穴盘进行砧木育苗均有利于嫁接甜瓜生长发育及产量和品质形成,综合考虑育苗成本,以105孔穴盘进行砧木断根育苗经济效益更好。[Objective]To screen suitable plug specifications for mechanical seeding of rootstock with root-cut splice grafting.[Method]Different plug specifications were used for rootstock seedling cultivation,and then the rootstock was cut off and grafted onto muskmelons.The growth parameter of rootstock and grafted muskmelon seedlings,and the yield and quality were determined.[Result]With the increase of rootstock sowing density,the stem diameter,root dry weight,aboveground dry weight,total dry weight and seedling strength index of rootstock seedlings all showed a downward trend.The stem diameter,root dry weight,aboveground dry weight and seedling strength index of grafted melon seedlings showed a decreasing trend,with T_(1),T_(2),T_(3)and T_(4)treatments being higher than self rooted seedlings.The number and volume of grafted melon root systems showed a decreasing trend,with no significant difference between T_(2)and T_(3)treatments.The single fruit weight and the yield of muskmelon also showed a downward trend.The single fruit weight and the yield of grafted muskmelon were higher than those of self rooted seedlings.Among them,T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3)treatments were 19.1%,18.7%,and 18.5%higher than the self rooted seedlings,respectively.The soluble solid content in the center and edges of T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3)treatments was higher than that of self rooted seedlings,and there were no dead seedlings in the field.[Conclusion]From this,it can be seen that using 50 hole,72 hole,and 105 hole tray for rootstock seedling cultivation is beneficial for the growth and development,yield,and quality formation of grafted muskmelons.Taking into account the cost of seedling cultivation,using 105 hole tray for rootstock seedling cultivation has better economic benefits.

关 键 词：穴盘规格 南瓜 断根嫁接 甜瓜 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]