不同施氮处理对西藏绿肥植物幼苗根系生长的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Treatments on Root Growth of Green Manure Plants Seedlings in Xizang

作　　者：赵帅 代雪 柏要强 刘贤 王瑶 ZHAO Shuai;DAI Xue;BAI Yao-qiang(Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi,Xizang 860000)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第22期151-156,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区教育厅“农业资源与环境”优势特色专业建设项目;西藏农牧学院校级教改项目;西藏自治区高校人文社会科学研究项目。

摘　　要：为了解青藏高原地区施用氮肥对绿肥植物根系产生的效应。以绿肥植物(紫花苜蓿和箭筈豌豆)为试验材料,采取不同施氮水平(0、0.06、0.12、0.18、0.24、0.30 g/dm^(2))在西藏农牧学院设计盆栽试验,研究不同施氮处理对绿肥植物根系、生长特征的影响。结果表明,紫花苜蓿根系长度、投影面积、面积、表面积、体积、分叉数等指标在不同施氮水平下都呈先下降后上升再下降后上升的趋势,且在N5处理(0.30 g/dm^(2))时变化幅度最大,高于对照组。箭筈豌豆根尖数等指标都表现出先降低后增加再降低的趋势;根长、根投影面积、根面积、根表面积、根体积和根分叉数呈先逐渐增加后降低再增加的趋势。当超过0.18 g/dm^(2)(N_(3)处理)时,会显著影响箭筈豌豆的根系生长。对于紫花苜蓿,低氮水平对根系生长影响不明显,高浓度的氮元素有助于促进植物的根系生长。对于箭筈豌豆,氮肥施用过量会显著影响箭筈豌豆的根系生长。因此,在绿肥植物的生长管理中要控制好适宜氮素浓度,以达到最佳的生产效益。研究结果为西藏地区氮肥施用技术的完善提供了理论依据,也为紫花苜蓿和箭筈豌豆的大面积栽培提供了科学的参考。To study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the root system of green fertilizer plants in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,green manure plants(alfalfa and Vicia sativa)were used as experimental materials in pot experiments with different nitrogen application levels(0,0.06,0.12,0.18,0.24,0.30 g/dm^(2))in Xizang University of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.The effects of different nitrogen application treatments on root characteristics of green manure plants were studied.The results showed as follows:the root length,projected area,area,surface area,volume and branch number of alfalfa showed a trend of first decreasing,then increasing and then decreasing under different nitrogen application levels,and the changes were the largest under N5 treatment(0.30 g/dm^(2)),which were higher than those in the control group.The number of root tips of Vicia sativa decreased first,then increased and then decreased.Root length,root projection area,root area,root surface area,root volume and root branching number showed a trend of first gradually increasing,then decreasing and then increasing.Root growth of Vicia sativa was significantly affected when common vetch was more than 0.18 g/dm^(2)(N_(3)treatment).In general,for alfalfa,the effect of low nitrogen level on root growth was not obvious,and high concentration of nitrogen was helpful to promote the growth of plant roots.Root growth of Vicia sativa was significantly affected by overapplication of nitrogen fertilizer.Therefore,the appropriate nitrogen concentration should be controlled in the growth management of green manure plants to achieve the best production benefits.The results provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of nitrogen fertilizer application technology in Tibet,and also provide a scientific reference for the large-scale cultivation of alfalfa and Vicia sativa.

关 键 词：施氮 紫花苜蓿 箭筈豌豆 根系生长 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]