不同轴向间距对对转螺旋桨气动和 声学特性的影响机理  

Influence mechanism of different axial spacings on aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of counter-rotating propeller

作　　者：冯和英 崔盼望 仝帆 陈正武[2] 李抢斌 FENG Heying;CUI Panwang;TONG Fan;CHEN Zhengwu;LI Qiangbin(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Maintenance for Mechanical Equipment,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Noise Control,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学机械设备健康维护湖南省重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心气动噪声控制重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2024年第10期283-295,共13页Journal of Aerospace Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51875194,12102451);湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ30249);湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金(20B226)。

摘　　要：基于非线性谐波法和声类比理论,研究了转子轴向间距对对转螺旋桨气动特性和噪声的影响规律及其物理机制。以某型对转螺旋桨为研究对象,研究了6种具有不同转子轴向间距的对转螺旋桨模型。计算结果表明:对转螺旋桨转子轴向间距的变化对对转螺旋桨总效率有一定的影响,对总拉力系数和总功率系数影响不大。转子轴向间距的增大,对前后排转子之间的轴向速度有显著的影响,对转子后气流轴向速度影响不大。随着转子轴向间距的增大,前后排转子之间的径向速度逐渐减小,进而减弱了对转螺旋桨转子间的滑流收缩。通过改变转子轴向间距,相比最小轴向间距,对转螺旋桨噪声最大降低约10 dB,干涉噪声降低约10 dB以上,效率提升了1.4%。随着转子轴向间距的增大,前排转子85%叶高处的压力面和吸力面1阶谐波压力幅值在尾缘处分别降低1836 Pa(89%)和1277 Pa(90%),后排转子75%叶高处的压力面和吸力面3阶谐波压力幅值在前缘处分别降低266 Pa(78%)和209 Pa(85%)。Based on the nonlinear harmonic method and acoustic analogy theory,the influences of rotor axial spacing on the aerodynamic characteristics and noise of counter-rotating propeller and its physical mechanism were studied.Taking a certain type of counter-rotating propeller as the research object,six kinds of counter-rotating propeller models with different rotor axial spacings were studied.The calculation results showed that change of the axial spacing of the counter-rotating propeller rotor had a certain influence on the overall efficiency of the counter-rotating propeller,but had little influence on the total pull coefficient and total power coefficient.The increase of rotor axial spacing had a significant impact on the axial velocity between the front and rear rotors,but had little impact on the axial velocity of air flow behind the rotor.With the increase of the axial distance between rotors,the radial velocity between the front and rear rotors decreased gradually,and then the slipstream contraction between rotors of counter-rotating propeller was weakened.By changing the axial spacing of the rotor,compared with the minimum axial spacing,the maximum noise of the counter-rotating propeller was reduced by about 10 dB,the interference noise was reduced by more than 10 dB,and the efficiency was increased by 1.4%.With the increase of rotor axial spacing,the amplitude of the first harmonic pressure on the pressure surface and suction surface at 85%of the blade height of the front rotor decreased by 1836 Pa(89%)and 1277 Pa(90%),respectively,at the trailing edge,and the amplitude of the third harmonic pressure on the pressure surface and suction surface at 75%of the blade height of the rear rotor decreased by 266 Pa(78%)and 209 Pa(85%),respectively,at the leading edge.

关 键 词：对转螺旋桨 开式转子 轴向间距 非线性谐波法 滑流流场 气动干扰 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]