2006―2022年江苏省哨点医院道路交通伤害病例流行特征及变化趋势  

Epidemic characteristics and changing trends of road traffic injury patients in sentinel hospitals in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2022

作　　者：王荣 范习康 吴洵 杨婕[3] 周金意[2] 杜文聪[2] WANG Rong;FAN Xikang;WU Xun;YANG Jie;ZHOU Jinyi;DU Wencong(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Southeast University,Nanjing 210009,China;Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease Control,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China;Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion,Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,南京210009 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制所,南京210009 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康促进所,南京210009

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2024年第10期1204-1211,共8页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的分析2006―2022年江苏省道路交通伤害病例流行特征和变化趋势,为制定道路交通伤害预防控制措施与策略提供科学依据。方法收集2006―2022年,江苏省哨点医院就诊的道路交通伤害病例数据,采用描述性流行病学方法分析道路交通伤害病例的流行特征;计算构成比,组间比较选用χ^(2)检验,并对道路交通伤害构成比进行趋势分析;运用圆形分布法分析时间分布特征。结果道路交通伤害病例数居伤害发生原因的第2位(277744例,18.70%)。道路交通伤害病例的男女性别比为1.29∶1.00。2006―2022年江苏省居民道路交通伤害病例占全部居民伤害的比重呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=34066.82,P<0.001)。道路交通伤害发生时间有季节性特征,发生高峰期为每年4月15日―12月31日,发生高峰日为每年8月23日;道路交通伤害发生时病例以驾乘交通工具为主(73.2%);损伤程度以轻度为主(72.2%);主要结局为处理后离院(77.4%);≥65岁年龄组居民发生道路交通伤害后严重程度最重(中/重度占比59.8%)且观察/住院/转院(32.5%)人数居多;受伤部位主要为下肢(28.8%)和头部(21.8%);伤害性质主要为挫伤/擦伤(66.2%)。结论道路交通伤害是江苏省居民因伤害就诊的重要原因,干预措施应重点关注男性和≥65岁年龄组的人群;同时应加强下肢及头部等重点部位的防护,以降低道路交通伤害的严重程度。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of road traffic injury cases in Jiangsu Province,providing scientific evidence for formulating road traffic injury prevention and control measures and strategies.Methods The data on road traffic injury cases were collected from sentinel hospitals in Jiangsu Province between 2006 and 2022.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of these cases.The ratios of different types of road traffic injury cases were calculated,and theχ^(2)test was used for group comparisons.Additionally,the temporal distribution was analyzed using the circular distribution method.Results Road traffic injury cases ranked second among the causes of injury occurrence(277744 cases,18.70%).The gender ratio of road traffic injury cases was 1.29∶1.00.From 2006 to 2022,the proportion of road traffic injury cases among all residents′injuries in Jiangsu Province showed a downward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=34066.82,P<0.001).Road traffic injuries have seasonal characteristics,with the peak period of road traffic injuries from April 15th to December 31st each year,and the peak day of occurrence being August 23rd each year.At the time of road traffic injuries,the cases were mainly driven by vehicles(73.2%).The degree of injury was mainly mild(72.2%).The main outcome was leaving the hospital after treatment(77.4%).Residents aged 65 and above have the most severe injuries after road traffic accidents(with 59.8%classified as moderate or severe injuries)and the highest number of observations/hospitalizations/transfers(32.5%).The main injury parts were the lower limbs(28.8%)and head(21.8%).The nature of the injury was mainly contusion/abrasion(66.2%).Conclusions Road traffic injuries are an important cause of medical visits for residents in Jiangsu Province,with interventions targeting the male population and those aged 65 and older.Meanwhile,protection of key body parts such as the lower limbs and head should be strengthened to reduce the s

关 键 词：道路交通伤害 流行特征 监测 圆形分布法 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]