大学生田径运动员竞赛焦虑研究——以2024年江西省大学生田径比赛为例  

Competitive Anxiety Levels among College Track and Field Athletes--A Case Study of College Athletics Competition of Jiangxi Province 2024

作　　者：何绍锴 任圣玥 李丹倩 吴赴军 He Shaokai;Ren Shengyue;Li Danqian;Wu Fujun(Fuzhou Preschool Education College,Fuzhou 344000,China)

机构地区：[1]抚州幼儿师范高等专科学校,江西抚州344000 [2]淄博市张店区重庆路小学,山东淄博255022

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2024年第10期56-58,共3页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：江西省教育厅人文社会科学研究2020年度项目“新冠疫情背景下江西高职院校体育发展的路径研究”(项目编号:TY20114);2022年度抚州市社会科学规划项目“‘双减’政策背景下抚州市体育类校外培训机构现状与发展对策研究”(项目编号:22SK89)。

摘　　要：目的:了解大学生田径运动员竞赛焦虑水平,分析大学生田径运动员产生竞赛焦虑的原因,帮助大学生田径运动员走出竞赛焦虑困境,提高大学生田径运动员的竞赛状态。方法:采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等研究方法,对2024年江西省大学生田径比赛运动员的竞赛焦虑水平进行研究。结果:2024年江西省大学生田径运动员在社会评价焦虑、竞技水平发挥、失败焦虑、认知状态焦虑维度上有显著性差异(P<0.05),在对方实力焦虑和躯体状态焦虑维度上有极其显著性差异(P<0.001),在比赛准备焦虑和受伤焦虑维度上无显著性差异(P>0.05),在状态自信心维度上男女运动员自信心均低于中国运动员常模。结论:2024年江西省大学生田径比赛运动员的竞赛焦虑水平高于中国运动员常模水平,具有较高的竞赛焦虑水平。建议:教练员及时关注大学生田径运动员备赛时期的心理状态,尤其要注意女大学生田径运动员的心理状态,通过制定合理的竞技目标、发展运动员心理技能、积累大型比赛经验等策略,帮助大学生田径运动员增强心理适应能力,纾解竞赛焦虑情绪,保障运动员竞技状态的稳定性。OBJECTIVE:This study aims to understand the competitive anxiety levels of college track and field athletes,analyze the factors contributing to competitive anxiety among them,and provide insights to help athletes overcome competitive anxiety and enhance their competitive state.METHODS:The study employed literature research method,questionnaire surveys,and mathematical statistics to investigate the competitive anxiety levels of track and field athletes participating in the College Athletics Competition of Jiangxi Province 2024.RESULTS:Significant differences(P<0.05)were observed among the athletes in dimensions such as social evaluation anxiety,performance anxiety,fear of failure,cognitive state anxiety,and extremely significant differences(P<0.001)in opponent strength anxiety and somatic state anxiety.No significant dfferences(P>0.05)were found in dimensions such as competition preparation anxiety and injury anxiety.Male and female athletes both exhibited lower levels of state confidence compared to the norms for Chinese athletes.CONCLUSION:The competitive anxiety levels of college track and field athletes in the College Athletics Competition of Jiangxi Province 2024 were higher than the norms for Chinese athletes,indicating a relatively high level of competitive anxiety.SUGGESTIONS:Coaches should pay close attention to the psychological state of college track and field athletes during the preparation period,particularly focusing on the psychological state of female athletes.Strategies such as seting reasonable performance goals,developing athletes'psychological skills,and accumulating experience in major competitions can help enhance athletes'psychological adaptability,alleviate competitive anxiety,and maintain stable competitive states.

关 键 词：竞赛焦虑 田径运动员 比赛 大学生 

分 类 号：G82[文化科学—体育训练]