不同填料曝气生物滤池对养猪沼液的处理效果及微生物群落响应  

Treatment effect of digested piggery wastewater by biological aerated filter with different fillers and microbial community response

作　　者：张梦 张龙真 陶然 廖若梅[1] 杨扬 邰义萍 傅木星[4] ZHANG Meng;ZHANG Longzhen;TAO Ran;LIAO Ruomei;YANG Yang;TAI Yiping;FU Muxing(College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guang Zhou 510632,China;Guangzhou Heyuan Ecological Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Guang Zhou 510060,China;Research Center of Hydrobiology,Jinan University,Guang Zhou 510632,China;Xiamen Zhongren Hemei Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Xia Men 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院,广州510632 [2]广州和源生态科技发展股份有限公司,广州510060 [3]暨南大学水生生物研究中心,广州510632 [4]厦门众仁合美生物科技有限公司,厦门361000

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第9期2418-2427,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：广东省科技计划应用研发专项(2015B020235008);广东省国际科技合作基地(2019A050505005);厦门市“双百计划”领军型创业人才项目。

摘　　要：本文利用陶粒、沸石和砾石为填料分别构建3组三级串联式曝气生物滤池,考察不同进水碳氮比条件下生物滤池对养猪沼液(DPW)中COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP及抗生素的处理效果与差异,并通过16s rRNA高通量测序对填料生物膜进行分析。结果表明:以陶粒为填料的曝气生物滤池对污染物的去除效果最佳,对养猪沼液中COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP的平均去除率分别为93.77%~94.14%、99.44%~99.89%、64.63%~85.23%、92.68%~95.74%,对SMZ2、OTC、TC、CFX、OFX的平均去除率分别在94.72%~97.07%、94.85%~95.27%、83.17%~92.05%、47.62%~65.02%、52.76%~69.45%。进水碳氮比提高后,3组曝气生物滤池对TN的处理效率显著提高(P<0.01),对SMZ2、TC和CFX的去除效率也有所提高(P<0.05),但对NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP的去除无显著的提升;16S rRNA高通量测序分析表明,3组滤池填料生物膜上的细菌中变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度较高;Thauera属、Zoogloea属、Flavobacterium属和Arcobacter属为优势属,其中以反硝化为主的Thauera属在陶粒组相对丰度最高,达到36.27%,使陶粒组有良好污染物去除效率。该研究结果可为利用生物滤池技术处理养殖废水提供参考和借鉴。In this study,three groups of three-stage and tandem biological aerated filters(BAFs)were constructed with ceramic,zeolites and gravels as fillers,respectively.Under the conditions with different C/N ratio in BAF influent,the treatment effects and differences of COD、NH_(4)^(+)-N、TN、TP and antibiotic in digested piggery wastewater(DPW)were investigated.The16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the biofilms of BAFs.The results showed that the BAF with ceramic as filler had the best effect on removing pollutants,and the average removal rates of COD,NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN,and TP in DPW were 93.77%~94.14%,99.44%~99.89%,64.63%~85.23%,and 92.68%~95.74%,respectively;and the average removal rates of SMZ2,OTC,TC,CFX,and OFX ranged from 94.72%to 97.07%,94.85%to 95.27%,83.17%to 92.05%,47.62%to 65.02%,and 52.76%to 69.45%,respectively.After the C/N ratio in BAF influent increased,the treatment efficiency of TN by the three groups of BAFs increased significantly(P<0.01),and the removal rates of SMZ2,TC and CFX also increased(P<0.05),while the removal rates of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP increased insignificantly.According to the 16S rRNA sequence analysis,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes was high in the bacteria on the biofilm of the three groups of BAF;Thauera,Zoogloea,Flavobacterium and Arcobacter were the dominant bacteria in the bacteria on the biofilm of the three groups of BAF,of which the genus of Thauera,being mainly the denitrifying bacteria,had the highest relative abundance of 36.27%in the ceramic group,leading to its good removal efficiency of pollutant.This study can provide a reference for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater using biofilter technology.

关 键 词：曝气生物滤池(BAF) 养猪沼液(DPW) 抗生素 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]