新型生物可渗透反应屏障技术修复简易填埋场壤中流  

A novel permeable reactive bio-barrier to remediate interflow from simple landfill

作　　者：刘恒毅 李蕾[1] 胡雅迪 叶文杰 刘国涛[1] 彭绪亚[1] LIU Hengyi;LI Lei;HU Yadi;YE Wenjie;LIU Guotao;PENG Xuya(Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第9期2500-2511,共12页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFD1100503)。

摘　　要：为实现山地丘陵地区简易垃圾填埋场壤中流的原位阻控与修复,开发了一种小型生物-可渗透反应屏障。首先基于单因素-正交和响应曲面实验优化吸附填料配比,再进一步优化了固定化填料和支撑孔隙填料配比,最后获得屏障材料配方:高渗透系数反应屏障和低渗透系数反应屏障配比分别为:活性炭∶陶粒∶沸石∶膨胀珍珠岩∶水泥∶石英砂为4.8∶2.9∶3.8∶2.1∶9.2∶2.7和4.8∶2.9∶3.8∶2.1∶9.2∶0。在此基础上基于槽实验研究了布置间距和级数对效果的影响,屏障最佳布置型式为高-高-低-低4级布置,前2级和后2级之间采用0间距布设,两组之间采用间距/厚度=6的方式进行布设。在适用性验证中,化学需氧量和总氮的去除率分别为72.88%±6.91%和64.30%±13.91%。扫描电镜结果表明屏障呈现多孔结构,有利于污染物吸附和微生物附着生长;红外光谱结果表明使用后的屏障氮/有机物相关官能团吸收峰均增高,且后2级屏障的吸收峰均明显高于前2级屏障;微生物分析结果显示前后2组屏障分别形成了独特的群落结构,前2级屏障以具有潜在氮代谢功能菌(40.98%)和难降解有机物降解菌(22.19%)为主,后2级屏障则仅以具有潜在氮代谢功能菌(62.58%)为主。总体而言,填埋场壤中流内的难降解有机物在前2级反应屏障主要通过微生物代谢作用降解,在后2级屏障则主要通过吸附作用去除;而含氮污染物在前后2级屏障均被微生物代谢降解,且后2级屏障脱氮效果更佳。To achieve the in-situ control and remediation of interflow from simple landfills in hilly areas,this study developed a permeable reactive bio-barrier(PRB).The optimization of the adsorption material ratio was conducted through single-factor experiments,orthogonal experiments,and response surface experiments.Additionally,the ratio of fixed materials and supporting materials was further optimized to formulate the PRB material compositions.The ratios of the high and low permeability coefficient PRB for activated carbon:ceramic:zeolite:expanded perlite:cement:quartz sand were 4.8:2.9:3.8:2.1:9.2:2.7 and 4.8:2.9:3.8:2.1:9.2:0,respectively.The effects of layout spacing and number of layers were investigated,leading to the determination that the optimal deployment type of the PRB was four layers(high-high-low-low),with no spacing between the first two layers,consistent last two layers with first two layers,and a spacing/thickness of 6 between the two groups.The removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen was 72.88%±6.91%and 64.30%±13.91%,respectively.Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that the intensity of the nitrogen-related and organic-related absorption peaks of the used PRB increased.Microbiological analyses demonstrated that the first two layers were dominated by bacteria with potential nitrogen metabolism function(40.98%)and refractory organic matter(TRO)-degrading bacteria(22.19%),and the last two layers were dominated by bacteria with potential nitrogen metabolism function(62.58%).In sum,the TRO was mainly removed through microbial metabolism in the first two layers but by adsorption in the last two layers.The nitrogenous pollutants were degraded by microorganisms,and the last two layers had the stronger nitrogen removal effects.

关 键 词：生物降解 壤中流 简易填埋场 生物可渗透反应屏障 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]