2种生物炭施用对滨海盐渍土土壤及植物影响的对比分析  

Comparative analysis of the effects of two types of biochar application on coastal saline soil and plants

作　　者：王莹 曹世伟 朱义 于泽群 沈思源 崔心红 WANG Ying;CAO Shiwei;ZHU Yi;YU Zequn;SHEN Siyuan;CUI Xinhong(Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai 200232,China;Shanghai Gardening-Landscaping Construction Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学规划研究院,国家林业和草原局城市困难立地生态园林重点实验室,上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海200232 [2]上海园林绿化建设有限公司,上海200335

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第9期2556-2566,共11页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：上海市科委社会发展科技攻关资助项目(20dz1204802);上海市绿化和市容管理局“揭榜挂帅”资助项目(J202104);上海建工集团股份有限公司科研计划资助项目(21JCSF-26);上海市绿化和市容管理局课题资助项目(G190201)。

摘　　要：改良滨海盐渍土对于园林绿化用地的拓展与生态景观的营造至关重要,是提升城市生态环境质量、丰富绿化多样性的必要举措。本研究对比分析2种生物炭在滨海盐渍土中的施用效果,评估其对土壤理化性质的改善及植物生长的影响。利用地被植物孔雀草(Tagete patula L.)进行室内盆栽试验,在滨海盐渍土中分别添加0.5%、1%、5%(质量比)的污泥水热炭和稻壳热解炭。对比研究两种生物炭不同比例施用对土壤理化性质的影响,并考察孔雀草的生长情况和生理生化指标的变化。结果显示,与稻壳热解炭相比,污泥水热炭在降低土壤pH、提高土壤氮、磷及有机碳质量分数方面表现出更优效果,但过度添加会增加土壤全盐量,以1%的添加比例改良效果最佳,能够在不增加盐渍土全盐量的同时显著降低pH,有效提升土壤有机质、全磷、全氮质量分数。此外,冗余分析表明,污泥水热炭通过降低离子胁迫和改善土壤营养状况来提升孔雀草的根系生长和活力水平,增强其抗盐胁迫能力,进而促进生物量积累。污泥水热炭在滨海盐渍土园林绿化用地中的应用从养分和植物生长的角度来看是可行的,但其长期应用的安全性还需要进一步的研究和评估。该研究将为滨海盐渍土园林绿化用地改良提供科学依据。The amelioration of coastal saline soil for landscaping purposes is paramount to both expanding gardening and greening areas and fostering the development of diverse ecological landscapes.It is a necessary measure to enhance the quality of urban ecological environment and enrich the diversity of greening.The aim of the study was to compare and analyze the application effects of two types of biochar on coastal saline soil,by evaluating their impacts on the improvement of soil physicochemical properties and plant growth.Indoor pot experiments were conducted using the ground cover plant Tagete patula L.to investigate the impact of various application rates(0.5%,1%,and 5%w/w)of sludge hydrochar and rice husk biochar on the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soils.The effects of these amendments on the growth and physiological and biochemical responses of Tagete patula L.were also evaluated.The results showed that sludge hydrochar applications at a level of 1%achieved the most significant improvement.After amendment with sludge hydrochar,the salt content of the saline-alkali soil decreased significantly,while the soil organic matter,total phosphorus and total nitrogen increased significantly.Redundancy analysis further revealed that sludge hydrochar effectively reduced ion stress and improved soil nutrient status.Furtherly,this facilitated the growth and vitality of roots,while regulating the impact of salt and alkali stress on biomass accumulation and promoting its accumulation.The application of sludge hydrothermal carbon in coastal saline soil landscaping land is feasible from the perspective of nutrient and growth of plant.However,its long-term safety needs further research and evaluation to ensure its environmental sustainability.This study will provide a scientific evidence for the amelioration of coastal saline soil landscaping land.

关 键 词：污泥水热炭 稻壳热解炭 滨海盐渍土 孔雀草 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]