2021-2023年浙江省620家公共场所健康危害因素监测结果  

Analysis of monitoring results of health hazard factors in 620 public places in Zhejiang province from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：葛少骏 严玮文 伍立志[2] 吉晓明[1] GE Shao-jun;YAN Wei-wen;WU Li-zhi;JI Xiao-ming(School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211166,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2024年第10期874-881,共8页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：全国公共场所健康危害因素监测项目;江苏高校优势学科建设工程三期项目(公共卫生与预防医学)。

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省近三年公共场所的卫生状况,识别并量化主要的健康风险因素,为浙江省公共场所卫生管理体系的优化及疾病预防控制策略的制定提供依据。方法依据《浙江省公共场所健康危害因素监测工作方案》,2021—2023年对杭州、绍兴、嘉兴和湖州四市八类共计620家公共场所进行监测,采集室内空气、公共用品用具及水环境等样品,监测指标包括室内温度、相对湿度、噪声、风速、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、CO_(2)、甲醛、苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)、细菌总数、pH值、大肠菌群及嗜肺军团菌等。所有监测数据的评估均依据国家标准《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488—2019)执行。结果近三年浙江省完成共计58512项次公共场所健康危害因素的监测,所检指标达标率为87.20%,表明整体卫生状况良好。2022年候车室卫生状况最佳,总体卫生指标达标率最高(91.88%),2021年游泳馆的总体卫生指标达标率最低(71.60%)。室内空气、公共用品用具和水环境样品的达标率分别为80.36%、93.24%和79.33%,其中,健身房的噪声、宾馆(酒店)毛巾的pH值和游泳馆浸脚池水的游离性余氯含量达标率较低,分别为16.90%、65.77%和28.17%。结论2021—2023年间,浙江省八类公共场所的卫生质量状况总体呈现良好态势,但仍存在若干健康危害因素控制不足的问题。鉴于此,建议相关卫生监管部门采取针对性措施,持续加强监督监管,以提升浙江省公共场所的卫生水平。Objective To understand the hygienic status of public places in Zhejiang province over the past three years,and to identify and quantify key health risk factors,provide a foundation for refining the public health management system and devising effective disease prevention and control strategies in Zhejiang province.Methods According to the Work Plan for Monitoring Health Hazard Factors in Public Places in Zhejiang Province,a total of 620 public places in eight categories in Hangzhou,Shaoxing,Jiaxing and Huzhou were monitored from 2021 to 2023.The samples encompassing indoor air quality(e.g.,temperature,humidity,noise,wind speed,PM_(2.5),PM_(10),CO,CO_(2),formaldehyde and benzene series-benzene,toluene,xylene),the public supplies and water environment(total number of bacteria,pH value,coliform bacteria and Legionella pneumophila)were collected and analyzed.The evaluation of all monitoring data adhered to the national standard“Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places”(GB 37488-2019).Results Over the past three years,a total of 58512 health hazards were monitored in public places in Zhejiang province,and the overall qualified rate was 87.20%,indicating a generally satisfactory health status.In 2022,waiting rooms exhibited the best hygiene status,with the highest overall qualified rate(91.88%),whereas swimming pools recorded the lowest overall qualified rate(71.60%)in 2021.The qualified rates of indoor air,public appliances and water environment samples were 80.36%,93.24%and 79.33%,respectively.Notably,low qualified rates were observed for the noise of the gym(16.90%),pH value of the hotel towels(65.77%),and the free residual chlorine content in the footbath water of the swimming pool(28.17%).Conclusion From 2021 to 2023,the hygienic quality of eight types of public places in Zhejiang province shows an encouraging upward trend.However,the presence of inadequately controlled health hazards remains a persistent concern.It is recommended that the relevant health regulatory authorities adopt targeted measures

关 键 词：公共场所 健康危害因素 室内空气 公共用品用具 水环境 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]