海拔对稻田金背鲤肠道结构、消化酶活性和肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of altitude on gut structure,digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota of Cyprinus carpio var.Jinbei in rice field

作　　者：杨立[1] 蒙庆米 白天泉 李嘉尧[3] 姚俊杰[1] 马兰 YANG Li;MENG Qingmi;BAI Tianquan;LI Jiayao;YAO Junjie;MA Lan(Fishery Resources and Environment Research Center,Guizhou University/Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Reproduction of Highland Mountain Animals,Ministry of Education,Guiyang 550025,China;Dushan County Aquaculture Development Center,Dushan 558200,China;Key Laboratory of Rice-Fishery Integrated Breeding and Ecology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学渔业资源与环境研究中心/高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]独山县养殖业发展中心,贵州独山558200 [3]上海海洋大学农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2024年第6期898-907,共10页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：贵州省农业重大产业科学研究攻关项目(黔教合KY字[2019]013);农业农村部稻渔综合种养生态重点实验室开放课题(2023-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究在不同海拔下稻田金背鲤Cyprinus carpio var.Jinbei的肠道结构、消化酶活性和肠道菌群特征。【方法】以低(580 m)、中(830 m)和高(1340 m)3个不同海拔的稻田金背鲤为研究对象,采用组织学、酶学以及分子生物学等方法比较分析其肠道的组织结构、消化酶活性和肠道菌群特征。【结果】低海拔组金背鲤肠道的绒毛高度(521.04μm)显著高于中海拔组(438.01μm)和高海拔组(419.39μm)(P<0.05);中海拔组金背鲤肠道的胰蛋白酶活性(4541.65 U/mg)显著高于低海拔组(4023.72 U/mg)和高海拔组(3722.10 U/mg)(P<0.05);放线菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门和软壁菌门是稻田金背鲤肠道的主要菌群门类。【结论】不同海拔对稻田金背鲤的肠道形态组织结构、消化酶活性和肠道菌群产生影响。虽然稻田金背鲤的肠道菌群在不同海拔下出现相应的变化,但是,仍保持以放线菌门为主的相对稳定菌群,说明金背鲤的肠道具有对稻田生态环境的适应性。【Objective】In order to explore the gut structure,digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics of Cyprinus carpio var.Jinbei at different altitudes.【Method】C.carpio var.Jinbei in rice fields at low(580 m),middle(830 m)and high(1340 m)altitudes were taken as the research objects.The histology,enzymology and molecular biology methods were used to compare and analyze the gut tissue structure,digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics.【Result】The villus height of C.carpio var.Jinbei of the low altitude group(521.04μm)was significantly higher than those of the middle altitude group(438.01μm)and high altitude group(419.39μm)(P<0.05).The trypsin activity of C.carpio var.Jinbei of the middle altitude group(4541.65 U/mg)was significantly higher than those of the low altitude group(4023.72 U/mg)and high altitude group(3722.10 U/mg)(P<0.05).Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were the main gut microbiota of C.carpio var.Jinbei in rice field.【Conclusion】Different altitudes affect the intestinal morphology,digestive enzyme activity,and gut microbiota structure of C.carpio var.Jinbei in rice field.Although the gut microbiota of C.carpio var.Jinbei in rice field changes at different altitudes,it still maintains a relatively stable gut microbiota dominated by Actinobacteria,indicating that C.carpio var.Jinbei gut has been adapted to the ecological environment in rice field.

关 键 词：海拔 稻田 金背鲤 肠道 消化酶 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]