1986—2023年东昆仑库木库里盆地湖泊变化及成因分析  

Lake change and genetic analysis in east Kunlun Kumukuli Basin from 1986 to 2023

作　　者：张小龙 陈亚宁[2] 朱成刚[2] 付爱红[2] 李玉朋[2] 孙慧兰[1] ZHANG Xiaoong;CHEN Yaning;ZHU Chenggang;FU Aihong;LI Yupeng;SUN Huian(College of Geography and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2024年第10期1651-1661,共11页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：第三次新疆科学考察——昆仑山北坡水资源开发潜力及利用途径科学考察项目(2021xjkk0100);新疆维吾尔自治区面上项目(2022D01A348)资助。

摘　　要：系统研究东昆仑-库木库里盆地湖泊面积变化及其成因分析,对认识东昆仑山区的气候变化与水循环特征,解决新疆南部水资源短缺问题具有重要现实意义。基于GEE遥感云计算平台,对东昆仑-库木库里盆地1986—2023年的遥感影像进行了水体提取,并结合气象、冰川、土地利用等数据分析了湖泊面积变化及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)在1986—2023年期间,东昆仑-库木库里的湖泊数量增加、面积增大。盆地湖泊面积由1986年的1196.47 km^(2)增加到2023年的2190.43 km^(2),增幅达26.16 km^(2)·a^(-1)。(2)1986—2023年库木库里盆地中最大湖泊阿牙克库木湖的面积扩大最为明显,面积增加了50.17%;湖泊面积大于1 km^(2)的湖泊数量,由1986年6个增加到2023年的9个。(3)东昆仑-库木库里盆地湖泊面积的扩大主要受气温和降水的影响,而降水是湖泊面积扩大的主要因子,贡献率占63.80%;气温则通过加速冰川消融补给湖泊,贡献率低于降水补给。Conducting a systematic study on lake area changes and their underlying causes in the east Kunlun Kumukuli Basin holds significant practical importance.This research enhances our understanding of climate change patterns and the regional water cycle in the east Kunlun Mountains,addressing critical water shortage issues in southern Xinjiang,China.Utilizing the Google Earth Engine(GEE)remote sensing cloud computing platform,this study extracted water bodies from remote sensing images of the east Kunlun Kumukuli Basin between 1986 and 2023.It analyzed lake area changes and their influencing factors,incorporating meteorological data,glacier activity,and land use patterns.The findings reveal several key trends from 1986 to 2023.(1)The number and area of lakes in the east Kunlun and Kumukuli regions increased significantly,with the total lake area expanding from 1196.47 km^(2) in 1986 to 2190.43 km^(2) in 2023,representing an average annual increase of 26.16 km^(2).(2)Ayakumu Lake,the largest in the region,experienced a 50.17%increase in area,while the number of lakes larger than 1 km^(2) grew from six in 1986 to nine in 2023.(3)The primary driver behind this lake expansion is moderate precipitation,which accounts for 63.80%of the increase.Although air temperature plays a role in glacier melt,its contribution to lake area growth is less significant than that of precipitation.

关 键 词：湖泊面积 气温 降水 库木库里盆地 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]