绝热定容反应器中燃烧反应系统状态变化与焓变的讨论  

Discussion on the State Change and Enthalpy Change of Combustion Reaction System in Adiabatic Constant Volume Reactor

作　　者：许海[1] XU Hai(College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学化学学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第22期110-115,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：吉林省高教科研课题(JGJX2021D54);吉林大学本科教学改革项目(2021XZD078)。

摘　　要：以几种典型的反应为例,深入讨论了绝热定容反应器中发生燃烧反应焓变的正负情况。通过分类比较反应前后气体分子数变化、反应物配比、生成物聚集状态等因素对反应系统温度、压力变化的影响,最终给出此类反应焓变的最终结论。公式推导和计算结果表明,在绝热定容反应器中发生的燃烧反应,由于燃烧过程释放出的巨大热量全部被系统内物质吸收,导致系统温度上升、压力升高成为主导因素,最终的焓变都为正值。Drawing upon several canonical reactions,this study delves into the enthalpy changes that occur during combustion reactions within adiabatic constant volume reactors.By meticulously analyzing the influence of various factors,such as alterations in the count of gas molecules before and after the reaction,stoichiometric ratios of reactants,and the aggregation state of products on the temperature and pressure changes of the reaction system,we arrive at a definitive conclusion regarding the enthalpy change associated with these reactions.Rigorous formula derivations and calculation results reveal that in adiabatic constant volume reactors,the combustion reactions lead to a positive enthalpy change,as the immense heat released during combustion process is entirely absorbed by the substances within the system,thereby driving a significant increase in both temperature and pressure.

关 键 词：物理化学 状态变化 反应焓变 绝热过程 恒容反应 

分 类 号：O643.21[理学—物理化学]