2018-2022年南京市水痘疫情流行特征及其基因分型  

Epidemic characteristics and genotyping of varicella in Nanjing from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：石利民[1] 闵小雨 王雅倩 赵宁[1] 董晓庆[1] 董潇潇[1] SHI Limin;MIN Xiaoyu;WANG Yaqian;ZHAO Ning;DONG Xiaoqing;DONG Xiaoxiao(Nanjing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2024年第10期1481-1484,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：南京市卫生科技发展专项资金项目(YKK22193)。

摘　　要：目的分析2018-2022年南京市水痘感染暴发疫情的流行病学及病原学特征,为水痘疫情防控提供参考依据。方法收集南京市2018-2022年水痘疫情病例咽拭子样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)核酸,荧光PCR鉴定为阳性的样本采用RT-PCR扩增其ORF22的基因片段,从GenBank数据库下载水痘各基因型参考株的序列资料,采用单核苷酸多态性(SNP)对阳性样本进行基因分型,使用MEGA7和BioEdit等软件将测序结果与参考株进行比较分析。结果南京市2018-2022年累计发生58起由水痘感染引起的暴发疫情,主要发生在中小学和幼儿园,共收集咽拭子样本456份和环境相关样本26份,核酸检出率分别为52.9%(241/456)和26.9%(7/26)。以4~12岁年龄段为发病高峰,疫情高发时间为4-6月和9-12月。SNP基因分型显示,23份样本为Clade 2基因型,均属于G-G-C-C-A。结论2018-2022年南京市水痘疫情高发在幼儿园及中小学,均为Clade 2型水痘病毒引起,建议加强学校水痘疫情的监测以及免疫预防措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of varicella-zoster virus(VZV)infection outbreaks in Nanjing from 2018 to 2022,and provide reference for the prevention and control of VZV.Methods Throat swab samples were collected from varicella cases in Nanjing from 2018 to 2022.Samples identified as positive by fluorescent PCR were amplified using PCR for their ORF22 gene fragments.Sequence data of VZV reference strains of each genotype were downloaded from the GenBank database.Positive samples were genotyped using SNP,and sequencing results were compared and analyzed with reference strains using software MEGA7 and BioEdit.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 58 outbreaks caused by varicella infection were reported in Nanjing,mainly occurred in primary and secondary schools and kindergarten.A total of 456 throat swab samples and 26 environmental samples were collected,and the nucleic acid detection rate was 52.9%(241/456)and 26.9%(7/26),respectively.The peak age of the cases was 4-12 years old,and the peak time of the epidemic was from April to June and from September to December.SNPs were used to genotype,and 23 samples were found to be Clade 2 genotype,which all belonged to G-G-C-C-A.Conclusions Varicella outbreaks occurred in kindergartens,primary and secondary schools in Nanjing from 2018 to 2022,and all were caused by Clade 2 varicella virus.It was recommended to strengthen the surveillance of varicella outbreaks in schools and immunoprophylaxis measures.

关 键 词：水痘-带状疱疹病毒 基因型 暴发疫情 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]