煤岩动力灾害模型试验灾变地层模拟材料研制现状与展望  

Development status and prospects of simulation materials for catastrophic prone strata in the physical model experiments on coal and rock dynamic disasters

作　　者：袁亮[1,2,3] 马衍坤 黄勤豪[1,2,3] 陈佩圆 罗吉安[1,2,3] 龚彦华 王庆平[1,2,3] YUAN Liang;MA Yankun;HUANG Qinhao;CHEN Peiyuan;LUO Ji’an;GONG Yanhua;WANG Qingping(State Key Laboratory of Safe Mining of Deep Coal and Environmental Protection,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;Provinval and Minitrial Co-sponsored Coal Mine Safe and High-efficient Mining MOE Key Laboratory,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China;Scientific Research and Development Platform of Disaster Prevention Technology in Deep Coal Mines,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学煤矿安全高效开采省部共建教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [3]安徽理工大学煤矿深井开采灾害防治技术科技研发平台,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2024年第5期827-856,共30页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52227901,52174161);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3004603);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点资助项目(U21A20110)。

摘　　要：基于相似理论开展三维大尺度物理模型试验是研究揭示煤岩动力灾害机理的一种有效手段,在岩爆、冲击地压、煤与瓦斯突出等典型动力灾害机理研究中得到广泛应用.灾变地层模拟材料是开展灾害物理模型试验的物质基础,与浅部显著不同,深地工程面对的是具有多相多场耦合特征的复杂孕灾环境,材料性能也应具有多相多场耦合响应的能力.为科学指导深地工程煤岩动力灾害物理模型试验,分类梳理了典型动力灾害模拟材料研制的历史脉络,分析了材料配制方法、性能评价、试验应用方面的优点与问题,提出了应对深地工程复杂孕灾环境新应用场景的科技挑战与展望.分析认为,模拟材料的应用场景呈现由“单相到多相、单场到多场”的变化趋势,配制由单一固相材料转向具备气体吸附、流体渗流功能的流固两相或三相材料,对材料性能评价则从单一的“静力学”性能,转向兼顾“动力学、热力学及渗流力学”等多类性能评价或分析,以满足应力场、温度场及渗流场的多场耦合需求.然而,多相多场耦合相似理论还不完善,尤其是动静载叠加下多相多场相似准则还未建立,导致物理模型试验材料的多场性能参数确定还缺乏科学依据.现有模拟材料配制体系很难满足多相多场耦合的需求,亟需研发新型骨料、胶结剂与外加剂,以实现在低强度条件下再现煤岩动力灾变现象的目的.大尺寸物理模型构建需从人工转向3D智能打印,需研制适用于多相材料的智能打印系统,开发复杂地质模型3D智能打印算法,解决非均质岩层打印、结构面打印、智能控制等关键难题.The three-dimensional large-scale physical model test based on the similarity theory is an effective means to reveal the mechanism of coal and rock dynamic disasters,and has been widely used in the research of rockburst,coalburst,coal and gas outburst.Disaster formation simulation materials are the basis for carrying out disaster physical model test.Deep earth engineering which is significantly different from the shallow strata is faced with a complex disaster-prone environment with multi-phase and multi-field coupling characteristics,and the material properties should also have the ability of multi-phase and multi-field coupling response.In order to scientifically guide the physical model test of coal and rock dynamic disaster in deep earth engineering,the historical achievement of the development of typical dynamic disaster simulation materials is sorted out,the virtue and shortcoming of material preparation methods,performance evaluation and test application are analyzed.In view of the complex disaster-prone environment in deep earth engineering,the scientific and technological challenges and prospects of similar materials are proposed.The analysis shows that the application scenarios of similar materials show a changing trend from single phase to multi-phase and single field to multi-field,the material preparation changes from a single solid phase to two-phase or three-phase flow material with gas adsorption and fluid seepage functions,and the material evaluation or analysis changes from a single statics performance to a consideration of multiple properties such as dynamics,thermodynamics and seepage mechanics.To meet the multi-field coupling requirements of stress field,temperature field and seepage field.However,the multi-phase and multi-field coupling similarity theory is not perfect,especially the multi-phase and multi-field similarity criterion has not been established under static and dynamic loading superposition,which leads to the lack of scientific basis to determine the multi-field performance param

关 键 词：深地工程 物理模型试验 灾变地层 模拟材料 多相多场耦合 

分 类 号：TD313[矿业工程—矿井建设]