基于FPGA的低开销强TERO PUF设计与实现  

Design and implementation of strong TERO PUF with low overhead based on FPGA

作　　者：徐元中[1] 张月皎 鲁犇 贺章擎[1] XU Yuanzhong;ZHANG Yuejiao;LU Ben;HE Zhangqing(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学电气与电子工程学院,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第9期16-22,共7页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62271194)。

摘　　要：瞬态效应环形振荡器物理不可克隆函数(TERO PUF)作为一种新型的物理不可克隆函数(PUF)电路,可以解决目前主流的环形振荡器物理不可克隆函数(RO PUF)存在的频率锁定问题.但现有的TERO PUF生成的激励响应对数量有限,并且其输出易受环境影响而不可靠.为此,提出了一种低开销和高可靠的基于比特自检的强TERO PUF (BST-STPUF),其中N级的结构就可以产生3×2^(2N)比特响应.该结构在传统TERO单元的每一个反相器之间都插入了一个2选1的多路选择器,以控制逆变器的选择,进而生成指数级别的激励响应空间,通过使用可编程延迟线来降低开销.其次,通过使用比特自检的方法实时动态检测PUF响应的可靠性,提取可靠的响应.最后,引入Pico PUF对激励响应对模糊化处理,增加建模攻击的难度.现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的实验结果表明:一个14级的BST-STPUF仅使用145个查找表(LUTs)就可以产生3×2^(28)比特响应,硬件开销大幅降低,同时响应输出的比特错误率可以减小到1×10^(-8)以下,具有良好的性能.Transient effect ring oscillator PUF(TERO PUF) is a new physical unclonable function(PUF) which solves the frequency locking problem that exists in the current mainstream ring oscillator PUF(RO PUF).However,existing TERO PUF only generates a limited number of CRPs,and its output is susceptible to environmental effects and becomes unreliable.A bit self-test Strong TERO PUF(BST-STPUF) was proposed which can produce 3×2~(2N) bit responses for N-stage structure with low overhead and high reliability.It inserts a 2-choice multiplexer between each inverter of the conventional TERO unit to control the selection of the inverter,which generates an exponential level of challenge response space,and then uses programmable delay lines to reduce overhead.Furthermore,the reliability of the PUF responses was dynamically checked in real time by bit self-test strategy to extract reliable responses.Finally,the Pico PUF was introduced to fuzzify the challenge response pairs and increase the difficulty of modeling attacks.Field-programmable gate array(FPGA) experimental results show that a 14-stage BST-STPUF can produce 3×2~(28)bit responses using only 145 look-up-tables(LUTs),reducing hardware overhead,and the bit error rate of responses output can be reduced to less than 1×10~(-8),providing good performance.

关 键 词：瞬态效应环形振荡器物理不可克隆函数(TERO PUF) 强物理不可克隆函数(strong PUF) 可编程延迟线 低开销 可靠性增强 

分 类 号：TN47[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]