母牛发情鉴定标记研究进展  

Research Progress of Estrus Identification Markers in Cows

作　　者：杨书含 时玉新 庞云渭[1] 原开敏 修豪宇 汪超[1,3] 路永强 王栋[1] YANG Shuhan;SHI Yuxin;PANG Yunwei;YUAN Kaimin;XIU Haoyu;WANG Chao;LU Yongqiang;WANG Dong(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Aohan Animal Husbandry Bureau,Chifeng 024300,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Animal Husbandry Station of Beijing,Beijing 100107,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]内蒙古赤峰市敖汉旗农牧局,赤峰024300 [3]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,长春130118 [4]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [5]北京市畜牧兽医总站,北京100107

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第11期4785-4795,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：科技创新2030(2023ZD0404903);国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300601)。

摘　　要：牛场规模化程度不断扩大,个体发情的精准鉴定成为繁殖管理重点。行为表现、生理变化与自身卵泡发育密切相关,是鉴别发情母牛、确定最佳配种时间的重要标记。利用现代科技深入揭示这些标记的发情周期变化规律与调控机制,提高自动化发情鉴定效率成为该领域的研究焦点。为此,本文综述了母牛发情行为变化、生理特征的国内外研究进展,分析了相关发情鉴定技术存在的问题,并回顾了发情母牛唾液、尿液、乳汁特异化合物的研究状况,旨在为研发新型高效的发情鉴定自动化技术提供参考。With increasing scaled cattle cultivation,estrus accurate identification of individual has become the management focus of breeding.The performance of behavior and physiological changes,which are important markers in distinguishing estrus cows and determining the optimal insemination time,are closely related to itself follicular development.A better knowledge of the regularity and mechanism of these markers by modern technology during estrus cycle would help to improve the efficiency of automated estrus identification and become the focus in this field.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress on estrus behavior and physiological characteristics of cow,analyzes the existing related issues in estrus identification techniques,and summarizes the recent research on identification of specific compounds of saliva,urine and milk in estrus cows,aiming to provide reference for developing newly efficient automated estrus identification technologies.

关 键 词：母牛 发情鉴定 行为标记 生理标记 分子标记 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]