母牛安静发情的特征及原因分析  

Characteristics and Causes Analysis of Silent Estrus in Cows

作　　者：杨书含 沙里金[2] 庞云渭[1] 修豪宇 汪超[1,3] 王禹恒 何信逢 原开敏 路永强 王栋[1] YANG Shuhan;SHA Lijin;PANG Yunwei;XIU Haoyu;WANG Chao;WANG Yuheng;HE Xinfeng;YUAN Kaimin;LU Yongqiang;WANG Dong(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Dairy Cattle Center,Beijing 100192,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Animal Husbandry Station of Beijing,Beijing 100107,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [3]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,长春130118 [4]山西农业大学动物科学学院,太谷030801 [5]北京市畜牧兽医总站,北京100107

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2024年第11期4808-4818,共11页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：科技创新2030(2023ZD0404903);国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1300601)。

摘　　要：发情鉴定是母牛繁殖管理的重要环节,及时、准确的发情鉴定对提高繁殖效率具有重要意义。然而,计步器或智能项圈监测发情无法检出安静发情母牛,成为限制繁殖效率进一步提升的主要因素。为此,本文综述了母牛安静发情的特征,并对以往有关安静发情的诱因及调控机制进行了分析。分析指出,快速发展的物联网、机电、传感等技术为深入揭示母牛发情相关生理、行为指标变化规律与机制提供了便利条件。而相关规律与机制的揭示将有助于推动发情鉴定自动化技术研发向精准高效方向发展,并最终突破安静发情鉴定技术瓶颈。Estrus identification is an important link in cow breeding management.Timely and accurate identification of estrus cows has important significance to improve reproduction performance.However,silent estrus cows can’t be identified by using pedometer or smart collar,which has become the main limiter of further improving reproductive efficiency.To this end,this paper reviews the characteristics of silent estrus cows,and analyzes the involving inducements and regulation mechanisms in previous studies.Analysis indicates that booming growth of internet of things,electromechanical,and sensing technologies provide facilities for revealing mechanism and laws of physiological and behavioral indices in estrus cows.A revelation of these mechanism and regularities will be helpful to promote the development of highly effective and accurate automated estrus identification technology,which will break through the bottleneck of silent estrus identification technology.

关 键 词：母牛 发情鉴定 安静发情 特征分析 原因分析 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]