滑坡涌浪产生过程中动力学效应对涌浪规模的影响规律  

Impact of dynamic effects of landslide tsunami generation on tsunami scale

作　　者：肖莉丽 李恬恬 王佳佳 牛立冉 XIAO Lili;LI Tiantian;WANG Jiajia;NIU Liran(School of Highway,Chang′an University,Xi′an,710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,西安710064

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报》2024年第11期102-114,共13页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology

基　　金：高新技术研究培育项目(300102210210);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2024JCYBMS391)。

摘　　要：为厘清滑坡涌浪产生过程中的力学效应对涌浪规模的影响,基于体积抬升(LU)、冲击挤压(PA)和界面摩擦(DA)耦合作用下的滑坡涌浪产生过程动力学模型,补充阐述体积抬升效应修正模型及其应用范围,以三维散粒体滑坡涌浪物理模型试验中的若干工况为研究对象,结合Tsunami Squares数值模拟方法,分析LU、PA和DA 3种力学效应分别对涌浪波幅和波能的贡献,揭示滑坡涌浪产生过程中各力学效应的特征和作用机制。结果表明:当水深与块体边长的比值小于1/5时,可以忽略BT修正;PA较LU对水体加速效果更显著,PA和DA对首浪波高的贡献率分别为达到29%和9%,且均随着传播距离的增大而降低;PA对涌浪势能、动能和总能量的贡献分别为23%~30%、28%~29%和25%~30%,DA对3种能量的贡献分别为17%~25%、14%~16%和16%~23%,剩余能量由LU&BT贡献。研究结果揭示了滑坡涌浪产生的动力学机理,为滑坡涌浪灾害预测评价提供动力学模型和参数选取依据。To clarify the influence of mechanical effects on the surge scale during the generation process of landslide-generated tsunami,this paper supplements the explanation of the volume Lift Up(LU)correction model and its application range based on a dynamic model of the landslide-generated tsunami generation process under the coupling of LU,PA,DA.Taking several scenarios in the 3D granular landslide surge physical model experiment as the research object,combined with the Tsunami Squares numerical simulation method,the contributions of LU,PA,and DA to the wave amplitude and wave energy of the surge are analyzed,revealing the characteristics and mechanisms of each mechanical effect during the generation process of landslide-generated waves.The results show that:When the ratio of water depth to block side length is less than 1/5,the BT correction can be ignored;PA has a more significant acceleration effect on the water than LU,and the contribution rates of PA and DA to the initial surge wave height reach 29%and 9%respectively,and both decrease with the increase of propagation distance;PA contributes to the potential energy,kinetic energy,and total energy of the surge by 23%-30%,28%-29%,and 25%-30%respectively,while DA contributes to the three types of energy by 17%-25%,14%-16%,and 16%-23%respectively,and LU&BT contributes the remaining energy.This study reveals the dynamic mechanism of landslide-generated tsunami,providing a dynamic model and parameter selection basis for the prediction and evaluation of landslide-generated tsunami disasters.

关 键 词：滑坡涌浪 数值模拟 Tsunami Squares 动力学模型 物理模型试验 

分 类 号：P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]