木棉稻田农林复合系统传统技艺对当代热带特色高效农业创新模式的启示  

The traditional kapok-rice agroforestry system and its implications for the development of novel modes of tropical high-efficiency agriculture

作　　者：巫惠玲 向文倩 陈元君 任明迅[1] WU Huiling;XIANG Wenqian;CHEN Yuanjun;REN Mingxun(International Joint Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity around South China Sea of Hainan Province,School of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228;Shandong Aviation Academy,Binzhou,Shandong 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态学院/海南省环南海陆域生物多样性国际联合研究中心,海口570228 [2]山东航空学院,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2024年第6期800-811,共12页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：山东省人文社会科学课题(2021-YYGL-01);海南省院士创新平台建设经费(编号:YSPTZX202015)。

摘　　要：热带特色高效农业是海南省的重点主导产业。结合海南省特色种质资源和传统农业文化,打造具有海南特色和优势的特色高效农业创新模式对于发展海南省热带特色高效农业具有积极意义。本研究针对广泛分布在海南省的“木棉稻田农林复合系统”,系统总结了木棉稻田农林复合系统的传统农业文化与农耕技艺、种质资源、稻米与木棉产品品质与产量等,探讨了木棉稻田农林复合系统传统技艺的传承与利用、优质高产技术研发及其对发展当代热带特色高效农业的路径与模式,提出4个建议:(1)深入研究木棉农田生态系统资源循环过程与生态学基础;(2)充分利用传统稻种等不可替代的种质资源,打造“木棉稻米”等品牌;(3)挖掘和宣传传统农耕技艺及其科技原理,通过申报中国重要农业文化遗产等途径提高稻米和木棉花等农产品的文化与经济附加值;(4)系统打造农业、文化、生态、旅游及自然教育融合发展模式。Tropical high-efficiency agriculture is a key leading industry in Hainan Province.To develop tropical high-efficiency agriculture in Hainan Province,it is important to integrate distinctive crop germplasm resources and traditional agricultural culture of Hainan Province.In this study,the traditional stereoscopic planting model"kapok-rice agroforestry system",which is mainly practiced in Hainan Province,was systematically reviewed and summarized with an emphasis on its traditional farming techniques and rich germplasm resources.The biodiversity value,rice and kapok product quality,and yield in this traditional agroforestry system were then analyzed.We also discussed the paths and methods for the development of current tropical high-efficiency agriculture model based on the traditional skills and updated high yield and high quality techniques of kapok-rice agroforestry system.Four strategies were proposed,1)to explore the detailed resource recycling processes and underlying mechanisms;2)to establish the'kapok rice'brand based on the unique traditional rice landraces;3)to reveal the scientific basis of traditional agricultural skills and increase the cultural and economic values of both rice and kapok flowers through applying Chinese Important Agricultural Heritage;4)to systematically build up integrated development strategies of agriculture,historical culture,ecology,tourism,and natural education.

关 键 词：木棉文化 传统农耕技艺 生态农业 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：X-01[环境科学与工程] X-22