明代中后期蓟镇穵运中的地域官僚博弈研究  

A Study on Localized Bargaining among the Regional Officials Related to the Transport of Provisions and Funds for Troops by Civilians in Jizhen of the Mid-late Ming Dynasty

作　　者：王雨恒 谢祺 WANG Yuheng;XIE Qi(School of History and Culture,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《内江师范学院学报》2024年第11期72-78,共7页Journal of Neijiang Normal University

摘　　要：明代嘉靖到万历尤其是“庚戌之变”后,由于边防形势与边防战略的变化,蓟镇的穵运日益频繁且趋于制度化。这一时期蓟镇不同地域与阶层之间在粮饷的支取和发放上采取各种措施以保障自身利益,明廷则出于优先保证中央与京畿供给的考虑,尽力维持穵运而排斥漕粮的径运,借以将相关负担推给边镇军民。同时出于日益频繁的穵运需要,明廷也在不断完善穵运的相关机制与要素以减轻相关成本与负担。围绕穵运产生的一系列地域官僚博弈,是明廷在扩张中央仓储财政权力的背景下又不得不加强补给边镇的结果,这也是穵运这一机制得以长期维持的原因。The transport of provisions and funds(which are usually grain and silver)for troops by civilians from Jizhen garrison was frequent,and the transport was institutionalized.The frequency and institutionalization were due to changes in conditions and strategies of border defense during the reigns from Jiajing to Wanli in Ming dynasty,especially following the Gengxu Incident(1550).Therefore,various measures were adopted this period across different regions and social classes to secure their interests in the allocation and distribution of provisions and funds for troops.The Ming court,prioritizing the supply of the central government and the capital region,endeavored to maintain the transport while excluding direct grain transport from the waterways.As a result,the related burdens were shifted onto the military and civilians at the border towns.Concurrently,the court continuously improved the mechanisms and factors related to the transport in response to the increasing frequency of such operations so that costs and burdens regarding the transport could be reduced.The series of localized bargaining among the regional officials that arose around the transport was a result of the court’s need to bolster supplies to border towns while expanding centralized fiscal powers and grain storage.Ultimately,this transport mechanism thus had been maintained for a long time.

关 键 词：明代中后期 蓟镇 穵运 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]