石煤钒矿酸浸提钒及酸浸液中和还原研究  

Study on Acid Leaching of Vanadium from Stone Coal Ore and Neutralization and Reduction of Acid Leaching Solution

作　　者：高丽霞 陈晓东 戴子林 吴长永 张魁芳 洪秋阳 吴海鹰 GAO Lixia;CHEN Xiaodong;DAI Zilin;WU Changyong;ZHANG Kuifang;HONG Qiuyang;WU Haiying(Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Center for Industrial Analysis and Testing,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;State Key Laboratory of Rare Metals Separation and Comprehensive Utilization,Guangzhou 510650,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources,Guangzhou 510650,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省科学院资源利用与稀土开发研究所,广州510650 [2]广东省科学院工业分析检测中心,广州510650 [3]稀有金属分离与综合利用国家重点实验室,广州510650 [4]广东省矿产资源开发与综合利用重点实验室,广州510650

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第12期64-73,145,共11页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1909702);广东省科学院专项资金项目(2022GDASZH-2022010104)。

摘　　要：开展石煤钒矿酸浸液的还原与中和不同先后顺序对钒损失及钒的还原程度的影响,及对钒离子和铁离子的价态变化规律影响的研究,为建立制备合格萃钒原液提供方法和理论指导。结果表明,与石煤钒矿酸浸液先还原后中和过程对比,先中和后还原过程的钒损失率小(<4%),还原剂Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3)用量一样,因此选择先中和后还原工艺。先以碳酸钙中和,控制中和终点pH=2.2~2.3;再以Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3)还原,1 L酸浸液用量为15.0~20.0 g,中和还原后溶液pH=2.9~3.0。由此制备出最佳萃钒原液。通过研究钒矿酸浸液中和还原过程中铁和钒的价态变化可知,无论酸浸液中和与还原二者先后顺序如何,均可判断出铁和钒的还原程度及钒的损失程度,1 L酸浸液Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3)最佳用量均为15~20 g,可作为研究钒矿酸浸液中和还原过程的辅助手段。The effects of different sequences of reduction and neutralization of vanadium acid leaching solution of stone coal on vanadium loss and reduction degree,as well as the valence state changes of vanadium ion and iron ion were studied to provide methods and theoretical guidance for the preparation of qualified vanadium extraction solution.The results show that compared with the first reduction and then neutralization process of vanadium acid-leaching solution of stone coal,the vanadium loss rate of the first neutralization and then reduction process is small(<4%),and the amount of reducing agent Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3) is the same,so the first neutralization and then reduction process was chosen.First,neutralize with calcium carbonate and control the neutralization endpoint pH value from 2.2 to 2.3,then reduced by Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3) with the amount of 15.0-20.0 g for one liter acid leaching solution,and the pH value of the solution after neutralization and reduction is from 2.9 to 3.0.Thus,the best vanadium extract was prepared.By studying the valence changes of iron and vanadium during the neutralization and reduction process of vanadium acid leaching solution,it can be seen that the reduction degree of iron and vanadium and the loss degree of vanadium can be judged regardless of the sequence of neutralization and reduction of vanadium acid leaching solution.The optimal dosage of one liter Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3) is 15-20 g,which can be used as an auxiliary means to study the neutralization and reduction process of vanadium acid leaching.

关 键 词：石煤钒矿 钒 铁 酸浸液 中和 还原 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]