基于PHREEQC模拟分析铀矿退役采区地下水铀形态及其影响因素  

Analysis of Groundwater Uranium Chemical Form and Its Influencing Factors in Decommissioned Mining Area of Uranium Mine Based on PHREEQC Simulation

作　　者：满嘉乐 丁德馨 马建洪[1,2,3] 张辉 郭可儿 MAN Jiale;DING Dexin;MA Jianhong;ZHANG Hui;GUO Keer(School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421000,Hunan,China;Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy,University of South China,Hengyang 421000,Hunan,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Extremely Low Grade Uranium Resources,University of South China,Hengyang 421000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421000 [2]南华大学铀矿冶生物技术国防重点学科实验室,湖南衡阳421000 [3]南华大学极贫铀资源绿色开发技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南衡阳421000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第12期119-128,共10页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1967210);核能开发科研项目(HNKF202311(48))。

摘　　要：酸法地浸退役采区地下水常遗留铀浓度超标的难题,其高效修复亟待解决,而探明地下水中铀的形态及影响因素是实现其高效修复的关键。以新疆某酸法地浸采铀矿山退役采区地下水为研究对象,采用PHREEQC模拟分析了温度、pH、电子势(pe)、Fe^(3+)浓度及Fe^(2+)浓度对地下水中铀形态及矿物饱和状态的影响。结果表明:1)地下水中铀的主要形态为UO_(2)SO_(4)和UO_(2)^(2+),分别占63.43%和32.54%;2)铀的赋存形态受地下水pH、pe、温度、Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)共同影响,其中pe是控制地下水铀价态的主要因素;3)地下水pH和pe对矿物的饱和状态影响较大,而温度、Fe^(2+)和Fe^(3+)浓度的影响较小,其中pH和pe对沥青铀矿、柱铀矿和Fe(OH)_(3)的饱和状态影响最明显。研究结果可为酸法地浸采铀矿山退役采区地下水修复方案的制定提供理论指导。It is urgent to solve the problem of uranium concentration exceeding the standard in the groundwater after the retirement of the acid in-situ leaching uranium mining area.Therefore,exploring uranium species and its influencing factors is crucial for achieving efficient remediation.In this study,the groundwater of a decommissioned mining area in Xinjiang was taken as the research object,the effects of temperature,pH value,electron potential(pe),Fe^(3+)concentration and Fe^(2+)concentration on U species in groundwater and mineral saturation state were simulated by PHREEQC.The results indicate that the dominant chemical forms of U in groundwater are UO_(2)SO_(4) and UO_(2)^(2+),accounting for 63.43% and 32.54% of the total U content,respectively.Secondly,the distribution of U species is influenced by pH value,pe,temperature,Fe^(2+)concentration,and Fe^(3+)concentration of groundwater.Among them,pe is the main controlling factor the valence state of uranium in groundwater.Thirdly,the effects of pH value and pe on the saturation state of the minerals are greater,while the effects of temperature,Fe^(2+)and Fe^(3+)concentration are less,and the effects of pH value and pe on the saturation state of uraninite,schoepite and Fe(OH)_(3) are the most obvious.The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the formulation of groundwater restoration scheme in the decommissioned mining area of uranium mine by acid leaching.

关 键 词：地浸退役采区 铀形态 矿物饱和指数 PHREEQC 地球化学模拟 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]