华南铀尾矿附近土壤和水体中铀的分布与污染评价  

Distribution and Evaluation of the Contamination Profile of Uranium in Soil and Water Near Uranium Tailings in South China

作　　者：宋鑫 熊芷毓 李杰 毛悦梅 曾涛涛 SONG Xin;XIONG Zhiyu;LI Jie;MAO Yuemei;ZENG Taotao(School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第12期139-145,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52170164)。

摘　　要：在统计近10年来我国南方铀尾矿土壤和水体中铀污染相关文献数据的基础上,采用单因子指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对铀尾矿的土壤和水体中铀的分布及其污染状况进行了分析探讨。结果显示,当以各地区的背景值作为参照时,土壤和水体铀含量的变异系数(CV)分别为109.9%和103.5%,表明铀的分布不均匀。土壤、水体中铀的单因子污染指数范围分别为0.45~17.63和1.44~140.31,平均值分别为4.83和24.63;内梅罗综合污染指数范围分别为0.90~13.42和4.40~425.53,平均值分别为13.42和46.35,潜在生态风险危害系数E_(r)^(i)范围分别为17.82~705.24和57.42~5612.24,平均值分别为193.19和985.03。华南地区铀尾矿土壤、水体中铀的含量较高,且各分区中铀的分布不均匀,存在较大差异。华南地区铀尾矿土壤和水体的污染及生态风险值得进一步关注。Based on the statistics of literature data related to uranium pollution in soil and water of uranium tailings in southern China in the past 10 years,the distribution and pollution status of uranium in soil and water of uranium tailings were investigated by single factor index and potential ecological hazard index method.The results show that when the background values of each area are taken as reference,the coefficients of variation(CV)of uranium content in soil and water is 109.9% and 103.5%,respectively,indicating uneven distribution of uranium.The single-factor pollution indices of uranium in soil and water ranges from 0.45 to 17.63 and 1.44 to 140.31,with the average values of 4.83 and 24.63,respectively.The Nemero comprehensive pollution index ranges from 0.90 to 13.42 and 4.40 to 425.53,with average values of 13.42 and 46.35,respectively.The potential ecological risk hazard coefficient E_(i)^(r) ranges from 17.82 to 705.24,and 57.42 to 5612.24,with average values of 193.19 and 985.03,respectively.The content of uranium in the soil and water of uranium tailings in South China is higher,and the distribution of uranium in each zone is uneven,with large differences.The pollution and ecological risk of soil and water bodies of uranium tailings in South China need to be paid more attentation.

关 键 词：铀尾矿 重金属 铀 污染评价 生态风险 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]