福建省乡村聚落的空间分布格局及驱动因素  

A Study on Spatial Distribution Pattern of Rural Settlements in Fujian Province and Its Driving Factors

作　　者：白利妮[1] 颜双波 吴占月 BAI Lini;YAN Shuangbo;WU Zhanyue(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou Fujian 362000,China;School of Business,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou Fujian 362000,China;Qinghuang Middle School,Putian Fujian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院资源与环境科学学院,福建泉州362000 [2]泉州师范学院商学院,福建泉州362000 [3]福建省莆田青璜中学,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《泉州师范学院学报》2024年第5期53-63,共11页Journal of Quanzhou Normal University

基　　金：福建省社会科学基金项目(FJ2021B043);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01325)。

摘　　要：基于福建乡村聚落居民点矢量数据,运用空间分析工具中的平均最近邻指数、泰森多边形变异系数、核密度估计、标准差椭圆分析等方法,从市域和县区两个层面分析福建省乡村聚落空间分布格局特征,并探索乡村聚落空间格局形成的内部驱动机制.结果表明:福建省乡村聚落整体呈集聚分布类型;乡村聚落核密度空间分异呈现沿海平原三大核心-西南东北次核-闽西西北稀疏的特征,与乡村聚落密度分布基本一致;乡村聚落集聚延伸方向为东北-西南走向,与海岸线平行;另外,空间格局特征在县区尺度上的差异均比市域尺度更显著.乡村聚落空间分布在自然地理本底因素和社会经济驱动因素的共同影响下,福建乡村聚落大多分布在缓坡和平缓坡的低海拔丘陵平原地区,邻河3 km、距县道和省道10 km范围内的乡村聚落分布最多,此外,人口和政策等因子与乡村聚落的形成和演化密切相关.Based on the vector data of rural settlements in Fujian Province,the spatial distribution pattern characteristics of rural settlements in Fujian Province were analyzed from two levels:urban and county,using methods such as average nearest neighbor index,Thiessen polygon coefficient of variation,kernel density estimation,and standard deviation ellipse analysis in spatial analysis tools.The internal driving mechanism of the formation of rural settlement spatial pattern was explored.The results indicated that the overall rural settlements in Fujian Province exhibited a clustered distribution type;The spatial differentiation of rural settlement core density presented the characteristics of three major cores in coastal plains’southwest northeast sub core,sparse in northwest Fujian,which was basically consistent with the distribution of rural settlement density;The extension direction of rural settlements was northeast southwest,parallel to the coastline;in addition,the differences in spatial pattern characteristics at the county level were more significant than those at the city level.The spatial distribution of rural settlements was influenced by both natural geographical background factors and socio economic driving factors.Most rural settlements in Fujian were located in low altitude hilly and plain areas with gentle slopes and even gentle slopes.The distribution of rural settlements was highest within 3 km of rivers and 10 km from county and provincial roads.In addition,factors such as population and policies were closely related to the formation and evolution of rural settlements.

关 键 词：乡村聚落 空间分布 驱动因素 福建省 

分 类 号：F-329.9[经济管理] K-928.5[历史地理]