考虑海洋环境风险的滨海污染场地地下水“三氮”修复目标值研究  

Study on ammonia-N,nitrate-N and nitrite-N remedial target values of groundwater of a coastal contaminated site considering marine environmental risks

作　　者：宋晓明 张起超 韩占涛 张文 陈梦舫[3] 韩璐[3] 武文培 杨悦锁 SONG Xiaoming;ZHANG Qichao;HAN Zhantao;ZHANG Wen;CHEN Mengfang;HAN Lu;WU Wenpei;YANG Yuesuo(College of Environment,Shenyang University;Technical Centre for Soil,Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment;Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学环境学院 [2]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心 [3]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第6期1788-1797,共10页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077179)。

摘　　要：滨海污染场地的地下水可能会对海洋造成污染。以我国某临海复合肥生产企业为例,综合运用GB/T 14848—2017《地下水质量标准》、基于人体健康的风险评估,以及用于保护水环境的水文地质风险评估模型3种方法来确定滨海污染场地地下水“三氮”(氨氮、硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮)污染的修复目标值,并对修复目标值的科学性与合理性进行分析与讨论。结果表明:该企业位于我国北方某市滨海工业园区,企业边界距离海岸108 m左右,该企业外围地下水无开采利用,由于无人体暴露途径,采用人体健康风险评估计算获得的氨氮修复目标值高达57200 mg/L。即使取《地下水质量标准》Ⅳ类标准作为修复目标,即氨氮、硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮(均以N计)的修复目标值分别为1.50、30.00、4.80 mg/L,其浓度也远高于海水水质标准(总无机氮低于0.50 mg/L),可能存在污染海水的风险。利用英国用于保护水环境的水文地质风险评估模型,计算得到该场地地下水的总无机氮修复目标值为42 mg/L。通过对3种方法计算得到的修复目标值进行对比可以看出,基于地下水质量标准的修复目标值虽然消除了环境风险,但其过于严格,经修复模拟预测表明该目标值难以实现。基于保护人体健康的修复目标值过于宽松,如果采用该目标值,该场地的地下水流入海洋时的总无机氮浓度预测为31.91 mg/L,会对海洋环境造成严重污染。而基于保护海洋环境的修复目标值,既避免了污染海洋的风险,也更容易实现。Contaminated groundwater from seaside contaminated sites may cause sea contamination.This study investigated the remedial target values of a compound fertilizer production enterprise adjacent to the sea.Three methods to determine the remedial target values of groundwater"three nitrogen"(ammonia-N,nitrate-N and nitriteN pollution) were tested,including groundwater environmental quality standards,risk assessment based on human health,and hydrogeological risk assessment model used to protect the water environment.The scientificity and rationality of the remediation target values were analyzed and discussed.The enterprise was located in the coasta industrial park of a city in the north of China,and the boundary of the enterprise was about 108 m away from the coast.There was no exploitation and utilization of groundwater in this site,and the ammonia nitrogen remedia target value obtained from the human health risk assessment calculations was as high as 57 200 mg/L due to the absence of a human exposure pathway.Even if the groundwater ClassⅣwater standard was taken as the remedial target,i.e.,the remedial target values of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen (all in N) were 1.5030.00 and 4.80 mg/L,respectively,the concentrations were much higher than the seawater water quality standard(total inorganic nitrogen was less than 0.50 mg/L),and there may be a risk of contamination of seawater.Therefore using the hydrogeological risk assessment model to protect the water environment in the United Kingdom,the remedial target value of total inorganic nitrogen in the groundwater at the site was calculated to be 42 mg/L.A comparison of the three sets of remedial target values showed that the remedial target value based on the groundwater quality standard was too stringent.Although it prevented environmental risks,it was difficult to achieve through remediation simulation prediction.The remedial target value based on the protection of human health was too loose.If this target value was adopted,the total inorgan

关 键 词：地下水 “三氮”污染 人体健康风险 海洋环境 修复目标值 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]