危险废物鉴别中液态物质鉴别技术研究  

Study on liquid substance identification technology in hazardous waste identification

作　　者：杨子良[1] 吴丹[1] 赵彤 孟令易 郝雅琼[1] YANG Ziliang;WU Dan;ZHAO Tong;MENG Lingyi;HAO Yaqiong(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2024年第6期1953-1958,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1902801)。

摘　　要：危险废物鉴别工作中,液态物质的鉴别是常见情形,各鉴别步骤存在的问题较多。根据液态废物的特点,结合GB34330—2017《固体废物鉴别标准通则》和《国家危险废物名录》,基于多年的危险废物鉴别经验,剖析了鉴别过程中常见的问题,解析了对液态物质进行危险废物鉴别的技术方法,针对危险废物鉴别中固体废物鉴别、名录鉴别、危险特性鉴别等关键步骤,提出了关键技术要求:在固体废物鉴别中提出了“排除分析—溯源分析—检测分析”的技术路线;在名录鉴别步骤强调了危险特性来源作为主要关注点,以废物产生工艺描述为主要判断依据;在危险特性鉴别过程中应注意评估急性毒性暴露的可能性,区分液态废物在浸出毒性和毒性物质含量鉴别样品检测过程中的差别。In the identification of hazardous waste,the identification of liquid substances is a common situation,and there are many problems in each identification step.According to the characteristics of liquid waste,combined with Identification Standards for Solid Wastes:General Rules(GB 34330-2017) and National List of Hazardous Waste,and based on years of experience in the identification of hazardous waste,the authors analyzed the common problems in the identification process,and interpreted the technical methods for identifying hazardous waste of liquid substances.Key technical requirements were studied and proposed for the key steps of solid waste identification,list identification,and hazardous characteristic identification in the identification of hazardous waste.In the identification of solid waste,the technical route of "excluded analysis-traceability analysis-detection analysis" was proposed;in the step of list identification,the source of hazardous characteristics was emphasized as the main focus of attention,with waste generation process description as the main judgment basis;in the process of hazardous characteristic identification,attention should be paid to assessing the possibility of acute toxicity exposure and distinguishing the differences in the leaching toxicity and toxic substance content identification of liquid waste during sample testing.

关 键 词：固体废物 液态废物 危险废物鉴别 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]