人工饲料适应性家蚕品种菁优×皓优的育成  

Breeding of New Silkworm Variety Jingyou×Haoyou Suitable for Rearing with Artificial Diet

作　　者：张升祥[1,2] 任春久 胡增娟[3] 王洪江 程洋 高绘菊 刘中文[6] 刘朝阳 刘庆信[1] 吴双鑫[1] 崔为正 Zhang Shengxiang;Ren Chunjiu;Hu Zengjuan;Wang Hongjiang;Cheng Yang;Gao Huiju;Liu Zhongwen;Liu Zhaoyang;Liu Qingxin;Wu Shuangxin;Cui Weizheng(College of Forest,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018,China;Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Tai’an Shandong 271018,China;Qingdao Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Qingdao Shandong 266071,China;Yibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yibin Sichuan 644000,China;Nanchong Silkworm Eggs Farm of Sichuan Province,Nanchong Sichuan 637000,China;Henan Sericulture Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450008,China;Zhongjianxinke Silkworm Bio-technology Co.,Ltd,Changsha 410323,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]黄河下游森林培育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]青岛市农业技术推广中心,山东青岛266071 [4]四川省宜宾市农业科学院,四川宜宾644000 [5]四川省南充蚕种场,四川南充637000 [6]河南省蚕业科学研究院,郑州450008 [7]中茧新科桑蚕生物科技有限公司,长沙410323

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2024年第4期313-320,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS⁃18);山东省蚕桑产业技术体系项目(SDAIT⁃18)。

摘　　要：家蚕人工饲料育是我国蚕业转型升级的重要途径,培育摄食性好、经济性状优良的人工饲料适应性蚕品种是实现这一途径的关键之一。运用导入杂交、系统选择育种技术,将广食性基因导入现有优良品种,以人工饲料摄食性及茧丝性状为主要选择指标,育成了家蚕人工饲料适应性品种菁优×皓优(优食一号)。人工饲料育鉴定表明,该品种收蚁后24 h疏毛率、起蚕率、眠蚕体质量等摄食性指标不同程度优于对照品种菁松×皓月,特别是在M10饲料育时,24 h疏毛率和192 h 3龄起蚕率分别高出对照20.02个百分点和17.40个百分点。该品种全龄经过较对照短21 h,生命力、茧丝质及抗性指标等全面优于对照。农村饲养鉴定表明,全龄桑叶育时万蚕茧层量和鲜茧出丝率与对照基本持平,其他调查指标均优于对照;在1~2龄饲料育、3~5龄桑叶育时,所有指标均高于对照。该品种先后通过北方蚕业科研协作区和河南省蚕桑品种审定委员会的审定,适合于北方蚕区及其他气候适宜蚕区小蚕饲料育,也可在工厂化全龄人工饲料育中饲养。Silkworm(Bombyx mori)rearing with artificial diet is one of the important technologies for the transformation and upgrading of sericulture in China,and the breeding of varieties with good feeding preference and excellent economic traits is the key in the technology.We utilized the technology of introductive crossing and inbred selection to introduce the polyphagy trait related genes into the com⁃mercial varieties,and took the feeding preference,cocoon and silk traits as the main selection indicators to breed a new silkworm variety named Jingyou×Haoyou(Youshi 1).The results of artificial diet adaptation test showed that the feeding indexes,such as setae dispersion rate of 24 h after feeding,molted silkworm rate and body weight of molting larva,had advantages over the control variety Jingsong×Haoyue with different degrees.Under the diet of M10,the setae dispersion rate of 24 h and molted silkworm rate of 192 h after feeding of the variety were higher than the control variety by 2002 and 1740 percentage points,respectively.The duration of all instars of the new variety was 21 h shorter than that of the control,and the vitality,cocoon and silk quali⁃ties,and resistance were all better than those of the control.The rural identification test results showed that there were al⁃most unchanged in the amount of cocoon shell weight per 10000 larvae and raw silk rate of fresh cocoons between the new and the control variety when they were raised with mulberry leaf.All indexes of the new variety surpassed the control while 1-2 instars fed with artificial diet and 3-5 instars with mulberry leaf.This variety has been approved by the Scientific Research Cooperation of Northern Sericultural Region and the Henan Provincial Sericultural Variety Committee,and is suitable for rearing 1-2 instar silkworms with artificial diet in the northern and other favorable sericultural regions,and for rearing all instars with artificial diet in the silkworm factory.

关 键 词：家蚕 人工饲料 适应性 菁优×皓优 品种选育 

分 类 号：S882[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]