桑叶DNJ提取物对兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响  

Effects of Mulberry Leaf DNJ Extract on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility,Intestinal Morphology and Cecal Flora of Rabbit

作　　者：李少璁 蒋子洁 侯文玉 张慧玲 温伦军 侯启瑞 赵卫国[2] Li Shaocong;Jiang Zijie;Hou Wenyu;Zhang Huiling;Wen Lunjun;Hou Qirui;Zhao Weiguo(School of Biotechnology,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100,China;Sericultural Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学生物技术学院,江苏镇江212100 [2]中国农业科学院蚕业研究所,江苏镇江212100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2024年第4期350-357,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0111100);国家蚕桑产业技术体系项目(CARS-18);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB23026066);科技部科技伙伴计划资助项目(KY202201002);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX21_1799);农业农村部作物种质资源保护项目(111721301354052026);国家科技部种质资源平台项目(NICGR-43)。

摘　　要：为研究桑叶1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-deoxynojirimycin,DNJ)提取物对兔生长性能、养分表观消化率、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响,选取36只45日龄且体质量相近的新西兰白兔,随机分为3组,对照组(T0)饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加10 g/kg(T1)和20 g/kg(T2)桑叶DNJ提取物,饲养周期42 d。结果显示:T2组兔日增重、干物质表观消化率和粗脂肪表观消化率显著低于对照组,粗蛋白表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),而日采食量、料重比、粗灰分表观消化率和纤维表观消化率无显著变化;试验组肠绒毛高度和绒隐比显著降低(P<0.05),隐窝深度无显著变化;桑叶DNJ提取物未显著改变肠道菌总丰富度和多样性,处理组蓝藻细菌门(Cyanobacteria)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.01),T2组瘤胃球菌科UCG-005菌属和真杆菌属(Eubacterium siraeum group)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。综上所述,低浓度桑叶DNJ对兔生长性能无显著影响,高浓度桑叶DNJ可通过改变肠绒毛形态改变营养物质消化率,进而影响兔生长性能;适量添加桑叶DNJ有助于减少肠道致病菌,保持肠道健康。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf 1-deoxynojirimycin(DNJ)extract on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,intestinal morphology and cecal flora of rabbit.Thirty-six 45-day-old New Zealand white rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups.The control group(T0)was fed with a basal diet,and the experimental group was fed with the basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg(T1)and 20 g/kg(T2)mulberry leaf DNJ extract,respectively.The experiment period was 42 d.The results showed that the daily body weight gain,apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fat of rabbits in T2 group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the apparent digestibility of crude protein was significantly higher(P<0.05),while the daily feed intake,feed to gain ratio,crude ash and fiber apparent digestibility had no significant changes.The villus height and the ratio of villus to crypt in experimental groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and there was no significant change in crypt depth.DNJ extract did not significantly change the total abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria.The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The relative abundance of UCG-005 and Eubacterium siraeum group in T2 group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).In conclusion,low concentration of mulberry leaf DNJ had no significant effect on rabbit growth performance,while high concentration of mulberry leaf DNJ could change nutrient digestibility by changing intestinal villus morphology,and then affect the growth performance of rabbit.Appropriate addition of DNJ extract could help reduce intestinal pathogens and maintain intestinal health.

关 键 词：1-脱氧野尻霉素 表观消化率 绒毛高度 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]