饲用燕麦与豆科牧草混播对饲草产量及茎叶比的影响  

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Forage Oats and Legumes on Forage Yield and Stem-Leaf Ratio

作　　者：曹雪乔 林悦 赵丽娟 苏布达 额尔登其木格 张玉山 郭书颖 赵美玲 刘志英 CAO Xueqiao;LIN Yue;ZHAO Lijuan;SU Buda;Eerdengqimuge;ZHANG Yushan;GUO Shuying;ZHAO Meiling;LIU Zhiying(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau/School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Xilingol League Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Xilinhot 026000,China;Xilingol League Grassland Workstation,Xilinhot 026000,China;Plain and Bordered White Banner Grassland Workstation,Xilinhot 026000,China)

机构地区：[1]蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室/内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]锡林郭勒盟农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古锡林浩特026000 [3]锡林郭勒盟草原工作站,内蒙古锡林浩特026000 [4]正镶白旗草原工作站,内蒙古锡林浩特026000

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第11期58-65,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0225);内蒙古自治区饲草现代农牧业产业技术体系。

摘　　要：本研究选取燕麦(Avena sativa)作为禾本科植物代表物种,大豆(Glycine max)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)作为豆科植物代表物种,设置5种混播处理(饲用燕麦∶大豆2∶1、饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1、饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿3∶1、饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆2∶1及饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆3∶1),并以4种植物单播作为对照,分析不同混播处理对豆禾混播草地干草产量及茎叶比的影响。结果表明:与饲用燕麦单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1及饲用燕麦∶箭筈豌豆3∶1产量分别较单播提高了114%、34%;与4种豆科植物单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1可显著提高干草产量;但与饲用燕麦单播相比,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿3∶1混播模式可显著降低茎叶比。综上,饲用燕麦∶紫花苜蓿2∶1或3∶1的混播处理在我国北方农牧交错带具有较大的生产优势。In this study,forage oat(Avena sativa)was selected as the representative species of gramin-eous plants,soybean(Glycine max),alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and common vetch(Vicia sativa)were selected as the representative species of leguminous plants.Five mixed sowing treatments(forage oat∶soy-bean 2∶1,forage oat∶alfalfa 2∶1,forage oat∶alfalfa 3∶1,forage oat∶common vetch 2∶1 and forage oat∶com-mon vetch 3∶1)were set up,and four monocultures were used as controls to analysis the effects of different mixed sowing modes on hay yield and stem-leaf ratio of legume-grass mixed grassland.The results showed that compared with monoculture of forage oat,the hay yield oat∶alfalfa 2∶1 and forage oat∶common vetch 3∶1 increased by 114%and 34%respectively.Compared with the monoculture of four leguminous plant,for-age oat∶alfalfa 2∶1 could significantly increase hay yield,however,compared with the single sowing of for-age oat,forage oat∶alfalfa 3∶1 could significantly reduce the stem-leaf ratio.In summary,the mixed sow-ing mode of forage oat∶alfalfa at a ratio of 2∶1 or 3∶1 has a great production advantage in the farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China.

关 键 词：半干旱区 饲用燕麦 豆科饲草 人工草地 混播比例 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]