磷添加对紫花苜蓿生物量、根系特性及化学计量特征的影响  

Effects of Phosphorus Addition on Biomass,Root Characteristics and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Alfalfa

作　　者：丛龙丽 高凯[2,3] 刘之浩 刘忠国 徐明亮 CONG Longli;GAO Kai;LIU Zhihao;LIU Zhongguo;XU Mingliang(Tongliao Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Tongliao 028015,China;College of Prataculture,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028000,China;Institute of Ecological Civilization and Green Development,Tongliao 028000,China;Bahrain Zuoqi Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Chifeng 025400,China;Sinochem Modern Agriculture(Inner Mongolia)Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010050,China)

机构地区：[1]通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古通辽028015 [2]内蒙古民族大学草业学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]生态文明与绿色发展研究院,内蒙古通辽028000 [4]巴林左旗林业和草原局,内蒙古赤峰025400 [5]中化现代农业(内蒙古)有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010050

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第11期66-73,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260343);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2021MS03085)。

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究不同施磷深度(距离表土5、10、15、20 cm,分别记为D5、D10、D15、D20)和施磷水平(0、52、104、156、208 kg/hm^(2),分别记为P0、P1、P2、P3、P4)对紫花苜蓿生物量、根系特征及叶片碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量的影响,以期为紫花苜蓿科学施磷提供理论依据。结果表明:施磷处理的紫花苜蓿地上生物量、地下生物量、总生物量均显著高于不施磷对照(P<0.05),其中,地上生物量和总生物量最大值出现在D10P4处理,地下生物量最大值出现在D5P1处理,最大值分别为524.98、817.54、374.46 g/m^(2);紫花苜蓿根系长度、根体积以及根尖数最大值均出现在D15P3处理,分别为7288.48 cm、371.51 cm3、3698个/株,且均显著高于对照(P<0.05);根冠比和茎叶比最大值出现在D20P0和D20P1处理,分别为2.00和1.19,且均显著高于对照(P<0.05);施磷深度与施磷水平组合对紫花苜蓿叶片C、N、P含量以及C∶N、C∶P、N∶P的影响各不相同。综上,施磷深度15 cm、施磷水平208 kg/hm^(2)组合较适宜紫花苜蓿的生长和发育。A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different phosphorus application depths(5,10,15,20 cm from topsoil,respectively,recorded as D5,D10,D15,D20)and phosphorus application levels(0,52,104,156,208 kg/hm^(2))on biomass,root characteristics and leaf carbon,nitro-gen and phosphorus contents of alfalfa,in order to provide theoretical basis for scientific phosphorus applica-tion of alfalfa.The results showed that the aboveground biomass,underground biomass and total biomass of alfalfa treated with phosphorus fertilization were significantly higher than those of the control(P<0.05).The maximum values of aboveground biomass and total biomass were found in D10P4 treatment and underground biomass was found in D5P1 treatment,with values of 524.98 g/m^(2),817.54 g/m^(2) and 374.46 g/m^(2),respectively.The maximum values of root length,root volume and root tip number of alfalfa were observed in the D15P3 treatment,which were 7288.48 cm,371.51 cm3 and 3698 per plant,respec-tively,and were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05).The maximum values of root shoot ratio and stem leaf ratio appeared in the D20P0 and D20P1 treatments,which were 2.00 and 1.19,respec-tively,and were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05).The combination of phosphorus applica-tion depth and phosphorus application level had different effects on the C,N,P contents and C∶N,C∶P and N∶P ratio of alfalfa leaves.In conclusion,the combination of phosphorus application depth of 15 cm and phosphorus application level of 208 kg/hm^(2) was more suitable for the growth and development of alfalfa.

关 键 词：磷添加 紫花苜蓿 产量 根系特征 化学计量特征 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]