草原补奖政策可以实现激励相容吗?——对减畜与收入增长的实证研究  

Can the Grassland Subsidy and Reward Policy Achieve Incentive Compatibility?--An Empirical Analysis for Livestock Reduction and Income Growth

作　　者：张嘉琪 周黎 张瑛[3] ZHANG Jiaqi;ZHOU Li;ZHANG Ying(Columbia University,New York 10027,USA;School of Economics and Management,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia Commerce and Trade Vocational College,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]哥伦比亚大学,美国纽约10027 [2]内蒙古工业大学经济管理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古商贸职业学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第11期91-100,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72263026);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2022MS07013);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(JY20220320)。

摘　　要：截至目前,草原生态保护补助奖励政策已实施两轮,其生态与经济效果值得关注。本研究基于激励相容理论,依据内蒙古13个旗县253个牧户的抽样数据,以畜产品单价、饲料价格、补奖额度和超载惩罚额度作为影响政策生态与经济效果的主要因素,使用时间序列与多元回归方法实证分析了两轮政策的效果。结果表明,第一轮政策实施没有产生生态效果,仅在2012年产生了经济效果。第二轮政策实施期的2016~2018年,在超载惩罚措施与畜产品价格降低的共同作用下,产生了减畜效应,获得了生态效果;同时,补奖政策推动了牧业收入增长,获得了经济效果;其主要原因是较高的补奖金额、超载惩罚金额以及生产力和营销水平的提升。By far,the grassland subsidy and reward policy has implemented two rounds,and its ecologi-cal and economic effects warrant further investigation.Based on incentive compatibility theory,this study analyzed sample data from 253 herding households across 13 counties in Inner Mongolia and identified prices of livestock products,feed costs,subsidy amounts,and overgrazing penalties as major factors influ-encing the ecological and economic effects of the policy.Time series and multiple regression methods were employed empirically to analyze the effects of the two rounds of policy implementation.The results indi-cated that the first round of the policy did not achieve significant ecological effects,while economic effects only occurred in 2012.In contrast,during 2016-2018 of the second round,a reduction in livestock numbers emerged as the result of the combined impact of overgrazing penalties and falling livestock product prices,which subsequently obtained ecological benefits.Simultaneously,the grassland subsidy and reward policy contributed to increasing of herding incomes and generated economic benefits.These outcomes are mainly thanks to higher subsidy amounts,more stringent overgrazing penalties,and improvements of productivity and marketing capabilities.

关 键 词：草原补奖政策 激励相容 生态效果 经济效果 

分 类 号：F307.3[经济管理—产业经济]