工会提起劳动公益诉讼:理论证成、域外立法与制度构建  

The Initiation of Labor Public Interest Litigation by Trade Unions:Theoretical Justifi cation,Foreign Legislation,and Institutional Construction

作　　者：马进 MA Jin(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2024年第6期64-76,共13页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国社会法的概念、原则、理论与实践”(项目编号:18ZDA40);国家留学基金委国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目(项目编号:202206360088)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：工会提起劳动公益诉讼是充分保障劳动公益、激发工会组织活力的重要途径。当前我国已经展开了工会参与劳动公益诉讼的初步探索,但是在现行法背景下我国工会组织仅充当劳动检察公益诉讼中的辅助角色,无法以自身名义独立提起劳动公益诉讼,难以真正发挥劳动者团体的效用。研究证成了我国工会组织提起劳动公益诉讼具备理论基础、劳动公益代表性和诉讼能力,并通过考察欧盟、英美、金砖国家工会参与劳动公益诉讼的制度实践,结合实际情况提出了我国工会组织提起劳动公益诉讼制度构建方案。研究认为,应明确规定工会提起劳动公益诉讼的原告资格、案件范围、程序机制与支持体系,以推动劳动公益诉讼与工会制度的有机融合,强化我国工会在维护劳动者权益、构建和谐劳动关系、维持劳动力市场有序运转等方面的功能。The initiation of labor public interest litigation by trade unions is an important way to fully protect labor public interests and invigorate the trade union organizations.Currently,China has begun preliminary exploration of trade unions'participation in labor public interest litigation.However,under the current legal framework,trade unions only play an auxiliary role in labor prosecution public interest litigation and cannot independently initiate such lawsuits,limiting their ability to effectively represent workers as a collective.The study establishes the theoretical basis,labor public interest representativeness,and litigation capacity of initiating labor public interest litigation by trade unions in China.By examining the practices of trade unions participating in labor public interest litigation in the EU,Anglo-American countries,and BRICS countries,the study suggests a construction scheme for the system that allows Chinese trade unions to initiate labor public interest litigation.It argues for clearly defining the qualifications of trade unions as plaintiffs,the scope of cases,procedural mechanisms,and support systems to promote the organic integration of labor public interest litigation with trade unions system,enhancing the unions'functions in safeguarding workers'rights,building harmonious labor relations,and maintaining orderly operations in the labor market.

关 键 词：工会 劳动公益 劳动公益诉讼 原告资格 

分 类 号：D922.592[政治法律—民商法学]