采用柴油机颗粒捕集器的最大碳载量性能试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Maximum Soot Loading Performance of Diesel Particle Filters

作　　者：董光雷 孙楠楠 南征 刘海涛[2] 张秋实 华伦[2] DONG Guanglei;SUN Nannan;NAN Zheng;LIU Haitao;ZHANG Qiushi;HUA Lun(State Key Laboratory of Engine and Powertrain System,Weichai Power Company Limited,Weifang,Shandong 261061,China;Suzhou Automotive Research Institute,Tsinghua University,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215200,China)

机构地区：[1]潍柴动力股份有限公司内燃机与动力系统全国重点实验室,山东潍坊261061 [2]清华大学苏州汽车研究院,江苏苏州215200

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2024年第12期89-98,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFD2000302)。

摘　　要：大碳载量下,不正常再生导致的催化型柴油机颗粒捕集器(catalytic diesel particulate filter, CDPF)载体高温烧熔或开裂是CDPF失效的主要原因。针对这一问题,采用燃烧器台架对CDPF进行最大碳载量测试。对堇青石CDPF和碳化硅CDPF进行不同碳载量的降怠速测试,不断提升碳载量直至CDPF失效。通过对CDPF内部温度分布、颗粒物数量(particulate number, PN)排放特性及失效程度进行分析,得到CDPF的最大碳载量。结果表明:在5 g/L碳载量下再生时,堇青石内部最高温度为1 163℃,超过安全再生温度,碳化硅内部最高温度为1 050℃;随着碳载量的提升,最高温度及最大温度梯度变大,虽然在超过安全再生温度下,载体存在某种程度的开裂,但不影响PN过滤性能,堇青石的开裂是从边缘向中心移动,碳化硅开裂是从中心向四周移动;当碳载量持续增加至8 g/L时,碳化硅载体的PN排放值相比全新载体提升了6倍,达到14.0×10^(11)(kW·h)^(-1),已不具备过滤能力。试验得到了CDPF再生时的安全碳载量限值,可为实际CDPF应用中安全再生提供参考。The high-temperature melting or cracking of the filter substrate resulting from abnormal regeneration under heavy soot loading is the primary cause of catalytic diesel particulate filter(CDPF)failure.To address this issue,a burn bench is utilized to test the maximum soot loading capacity of CDPF.Drop to idle(DTI)tests are conducted on cordierite CDPF and SiC CDPF with varying soot loadings,progressively increasing the soot loading until CDPF failure occurs.Through analysis of internal temperature distribution,failure severity,and particulate number(PN)emission characteristics,the maximum soot loading capacity of CDPF is determined.The findings indicate that at a soot loading of 5 g/L during regeneration,the maximum internal temperature of cordierite CDPF reaches 1163℃,surpassing the safe regeneration temperature,while SiC CDPF reaches 1050℃.With increasing soot loading,both the maximum temperature and temperature gradient rise.Despite material cracking at temperatures beyond the safe regeneration threshold,PN filtration performance remains unaffected.Cordierite cracking progresses from the edge toward the center,whereas SiC cracking moves from the center outward.When the soot load increase to 8 g/L,the PN emissions of the SiC carrier increase sixfold compared to the fresh CDPF,reaching 14.0×10^(11)(kW·h)^(-1),indicating loss of filtration capability.The study establishes the safe soot loading limit for CDPF regeneration,offering insights for safe regeneration practices in real-world CDPF applications.

关 键 词：柴油机颗粒捕集器 降怠速 最大碳载量 温度梯度 捕集效率 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]