垂直阵风作用下机翼气动失效分析与预防  

Analysis of Aerodynamic Failure and Prevention of Wings Under Vertical Gusts

作　　者：熊英 XIONG Ying(School of Civil Aviation,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学民航学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2024年第5期353-360,365,共9页Failure Analysis and Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72461026);江西省自然科学基金青年基金(20224BAB212017);江西省教育厅科学技术规划项目(GJJ2201125);南昌航空大学博士启动金(EA202116242)。

摘　　要：垂直阵风对无人机的破坏性往往大于水平阵风,短时的垂直阵风会引起机翼气动载荷的剧烈变化。本研究基于速度分裂法,建立了考虑扩散源项的垂直阵风作用下平板翼型和NACA4412翼型的气动响应模型,并进行数值模拟,结果表明:在垂直阵风作用下,NACA4412翼型的流场结构和表面压力分布系数短时发生巨变。为避免垂直阵风引起的气动失效,通过在机翼前缘附近安装主动射流装置,能有效缓解0.4以下阵风比垂直风引起的气动分离;但对于0.6以上的大阵风比垂直风,主动射流装置的缓解效果并不理想,应对飞机进行柔性操控,以减少更大的损失。该研究结果可为长航程无人机的路线规划和气动控制提供技术参考。Vertical gusts are often more destructive to UAVs than horizontal gusts,and short-term vertical gusts can cause drastic changes in the aerodynamic load on the wings.This study established the aerodynamic response model of the flat airfoil and NACA4412 airfoil under the action of vertical gusts based on the speed splitting method(SVM),taking the diffusion source term into account.The numerical simulation results show that the flow field structure and surface pressure distribution coefficient of NACA4412 airfoils undergo significant changes in a short time under the action of vertical gusts.In order to avoid aerodynamic failure caused by vertical gusts,active jet devices are installed near the leading edge of the wing to effectively alleviate aerodynamic separation caused by vertical winds with a gust ratio below 0.4.However,for large gust ratios above vertical winds of 0.6,the relief effect of the active jet device is not ideal,and the aircraft should be controlled flexibly to reduce greater losses.This research can provide technical reference for route planning and aerodynamic control of long-range UAVs.

关 键 词：垂直阵风 速度分裂法 气动失效 主动射流 预防分析 

分 类 号：V211.47[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]